Cigarette smoke will reduce the cleaning action of the cilia (485) so that most respiratory infections will be more common. Emphysema (495) and lung cancers are just a few of the kinds of diseases more likely.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are clearly necessary (501, 504) but many times deep divers will replace the nitrogen of the normal atmosphere with helium since it is an inert gas. Divers who go down for shorter lengths of time and at shallow depths usually use compressed atmosphere since it is cheaper and more convenient.
The carbon monoxide levels may have risen to levels that would make it difficult for these individuals to provide enough oxygen to their tissues (508).
Since the partial pressure of oxygen in the high Andes is lower than that near sea level, one would expect it be advantageous for these animals to have a type of hemoglobin with great oxygen affinity similar to that found in a human fetus (511, 519). Experimental findings have confirmed this expectation.
feedback form |
permissions |
international |
locate your campus rep |
request a review copy
Copyright ©2001 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
digital solutions |
publish with us |
customer service |
mhhe home
Any use is subject to the
Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of the
The McGraw-Hill Companies.