Shaping the Sixth Edition
Before I began writing this new edition, my editors at WCB/McGraw-Hill repeated a successful technique introduced at the last revision cycle: they requested users of the previous edition to send in their suggestions and comments, focusing on a chapter of particular interest. The responses were enthusiastic and insightful, as I had come to expect from my colleagues. Thus, every chapter in the previous book was reviewed several times over by people who had used the book in their own classrooms. The sixth edition benefited enormously from this input. It also benefited greatly from the input of other reviewers of diverse backgrounds who thoroughly examined various stages of the manuscript.
That the edition incorporates many new physiological concepts may come as a surprise to people who are unfamiliar with the field. Indeed, I am sometimes asked whether things change very much from one edition to the next. They doóand that is one of the reasons physiology is so exciting to study. I have tried to impart a sense of excitement by indicating, in a manner appropriate for this level of text, where knowledge is new and where gaps in our knowledge remain. Here follows a partial listing of the additions, updates, and areas of expanded coverage that shaped this sixth edition.
New Information on
- skin cancer
- telomeres and telomerase
- peroxisomes
- aquaporins
- serotonin and neuropeptide Y as neurotransmitters
- nicotinic ACh receptors in the brain
- retrograde dendritic potentials
- thermal receptors and nociceptors
- mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine pathways
- nuclear receptor proteins
- the tyrosine kinase second-messenger system
- adhesion molecules
- dendritic cells as antigen presenters
- cytokines
- FAS and FAS ligand
- the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the gastric mucosa
- guanylin and uroguanylin
- retinoic acid nuclear receptors
- adipose tissue physiology
- leptin and its actions
- obesity
- brown fat and b3 adrenergic receptors
- the effect of weightlessness on calcium balance and bones
- male contraception
- the human sexual response
Revised or Updated Information on
- the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation and the number of ATP generated
- apoptosis
- voltage-gated ion channels
- neurotransmitter release from axons
- G-proteins
- Alzheimer's disease
- REM sleep, the reticular formation, and the medial temporal lobe
- paracrine and autocrine regulators
- the cross-bridge cycle
- muscle metabolism during exercise
- cardiovascular adaptations to exercise
- mechanisms of smooth muscle relaxation
- functions of neutrophils
- the physiology of lymphatic vessels
- the Frank-Starling law
- capillary dynamics (Starling equilibrium)
- hypertension and congestive heart failure
- nonspecific immune recognition and function
- AIDS and AIDS treatments
- the central regulation of breathing
- respiration during exercise
- the vasa recta
- ADH action and diabetes insipidus
- atrial natriuretic peptide
- regulation of gastric acid secretion
- catecholamine regulation of metabolism
- thyroxine regulation of metabolism
- regulation of labor and parturition
Expanded Coverage of
- coupled transport, with additional information on symport and antiport concepts
- p53, with additional information on p21
- dopaminergic receptors
- the physiology of taste, including the role of gustducin
- the physiology of olfaction
- the effects of urea in concentrating the urine
- the benefits of breast-feeding
- the enteric nervous system
- body-weight homeostasis
- nutrition and fatty acids
- vitamins
- regulation of eating
- cholecystokinin physiology
- mast cell function
- regulation of insulin secretion and the mode of insulin action
- treatment for diabetes mellitus
- regulation of peristaltic contractions
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