After you have studied this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Describe the general functions of the lymphatic system.

2. Describe the location of the major lymphatic pathways.

3. Describe how tissue fluid and lymph form and explain the function of lymph.

4. Explain how lymphatic circulation is maintained and describe the consequence of lymphatic obstruction.

5. Describe a lymph node and its major functions.

6. Describe the location of the major chains of lymph nodes.

7. Discuss the functions of the thymus and spleen.

8. Distinguish between specific and nonspecific defenses, and provide examples of each.

9. Explain how two major types of lymphocytes are formed, activated, and how they function in immune mechanisms.

10. Name the major types of immunoglobulins and discuss their origins and actions.

11. Distinguish between primary and secondary immune responses.

12. Distinguish between active and passive immunity.

13. Explain how allergic reactions, tissue rejection reactions, and autoimmunity arise from immune mechanisms.

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