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Chapter 2: Matter and Energy


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Chapter 2: Matter and Energy

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matter  53
element  53
atomic number  53
trace element  53
atom  54
nucleus  54
proton (p+ 54
neutron (n0) 54
atomic mass unit (amu) 54
atomic mass 54
electron (e-) 55
electron shell 55
energy level 55
valence electron 55
octet rule 55
rule of eights 55
isotope 55
atomic weight 56
ion 56
ionization 56
anion 56
cation 56
valence 57
electrolyte 57
free radical 57
antioxidant 57
molecule 58
compound 58
molecular formula 58
structural formula 58
structural isomer 58
condensed structural formula 58
molecular weight (MW) 58
chemical bond 58
ionic bond 58
covalent bond 59
single covalent bond 59
double covalent bond 59
nonpolar covalent bond 59
polar covalent bond 59
dipole 59
hydrogen bond 61
mixture 61
solution 61
solute 61
solvent 61
colloid 62
suspension 62
emulsion 62
concentration 62
mole 63
molarity 63
one-molar solution 63
millimolar solution 64
equivalent (Eq) 64
milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) 64
acid 64
base 64
pH 65
neutral 65
acidic 65
basic 65
alkaline 65
buffer 65
chemical reaction 66
reactant 66
product 66
chemical equation 66
law of conservation of mass 66
balanced equation 66
decomposition reaction 67
synthesis reaction 67
exchange reaction 67
reversible reaction 67
law of mass action 67
equilibrium state 67
concentration 68
temperature 68
catalyst 68
work 68
energy 68
kinetic energy 68
potential energy 68
chemical energy 68
heat 68
electromagnetic energy 68
electrical energy 68
decay 68
radioisotope 68
radioactivity 68
ionizing radiation 69
nuclear medicine 69
a particle 69
ß particle 69
g ray 69
physical half-life 69
biological half-life 69
background radiation 69
thermodynamics 70
first law of thermodynamics 70
second law of thermodynamics 70
free energy 70
entropy 70
catabolism 71
exergonic reaction 71
anabolism 71
endergonic reaction 71
oxidation 71
oxidized 71
oxidizing agent 71
electron acceptor 71
reduced 71
reducing agent 71
electron donor 71
oxidation-reduction reaction 71
redox reaction 71


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