Concepts of Cellular Structure (pp.107-111)

1. Development of the cell theory
   a.  Early studies of Hooke and Schwann
   b.  The spontaneous generation issue
   c.  Tenets of the cell theory
   
2. Cell shapes
   a.  Terms for cell shapes
   b.  Surfaces of epithelial cells
   
3. Cell size
   a.  Sizes of human cells
   b.  Limitations on size
   
4. An evolving perspective on cells
   a.  Microscopes and resolution
   b.  Internal organization of a cell
   

The Cell Surface (pp. 111-117)

1. The plasma membrane
   a.  Membrane lipids
   
   • Phospholipid bilayer
   • Cholesterol
   • Glycolipids
   b.  Membrane proteins
   
   • Integral proteins
   • Peripheral proteins
   c.  Functions of membrane proteins
   
   • Receptors for chemical messengers
   • Second messenger systems
   • Messenger deactivators
   • Channels and gates
     • Ligand-gated channels
     • Voltage-gated channels
   • Carriers and pumps
   • Motor molecules
   • Cell identity markers
2. The glycocalyx
   a.  Composition
   b.  Functions
   
3. Extensions of the cell surface
   a.  Microvilli (brush border)
   
   • Core of microfilaments
   • Absorptive and sensory roles
   b.  Cilia
   
   • Power and recovery strokes
   • Importance of saline layer
   • 9+2 structure of axoneme
   • Basal body
   • Sensory roles
   c.  Flagella
   

The Cell Interior (pp. 117-123)

1. Organelles
   a.  The nucleus
   b.  Rough endoplasmic reticulum
   c.  Ribosomes
   d.  Golgi complex and vesicles
   e.  Lysosomes
   f.  Peroxisomes
   g.  Mitochondria
   h.  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
   i.  Centrioles
   
2. Cytoskeleton
   a.  Microfilaments
   b.  Intermediate filaments
   c.  Microtubules
   
3. Inclusions
   

Membrane Transport-Passive Mechanisms (pp.123-128)

1. Selective permeability
   
2. Filtration
   
3. Simple diffusion
   a.  Concentration gradients
   b.  Factors affecting diffusion rate
   
4. Osmosis
   a.  Osmotic pressure
   
5. Tonicity
   
6. Facilitated diffusion
   
7. Carrier-mediated transport
   a.  Specificity
   b.  Saturation
   

Membrane Transport-Active Mechanisms (pp.128-135)

1. Active transport
   a.  Movement up a gradient
   b.  Use of ATP
   c.  Steps in active transport
   
2. Symport and antiport systems
   a.  The Na⁺-K⁺ pump as an antiport system
   
3. Mechanism
4. Functions
   • Regulation of cell volume
   • Cotransport
   • Heat production
   • Maintenance of membrane potential
5. Bulk transport
   a.  Endocytosis
   
6. Phagocytosis
7. Pinocytosis
   • Fluid-phase pinocytosis
   • Receptor-mediated pinocytosis
   b.  Exocytosis
   

Copyright ©1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Any use is subject to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of The McGraw-Hill Companies.
For further information about this site contact mhhe_webmaster@mcgraw-hill.com.