Anatomy and Physiology   Saladin
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Chapter 17: The Endocrine System


Selected Vocabulary

Chapter 17: The Endocrine System

term page reference

endocrinology

600

hormone

600

endocrine gland

600

endocrine system

600

neuroendocrine cell

601

target cell

601

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

602

adenohypophysis

602

anterior lobe

602

pars tuberalis

602

pars intermedia

602

neurohypophysis

602

median eminence

602

stalk (infundibulum)

602

posterior lobe

602

hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract

604

tropic hormone

605

gonadotropin

605

axis

605

pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)

605

hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

605

releasing hormones

606

inhibiting hormones

606

neuroendocrine reflex

606

negative feedback inhibition

607

somatomedin

608

insulin-like growth factor (IGF)

608

hypopituitarism

609

pituitary dwarfism

609

hyperpituitarism

609

gigantism

609

acromegaly

609

diabetes insipidus

609

pineal gland

610

thymus

610

involution

610

thyroid

610

thyroid follicle

611

follicular cells

611

calorigenic effect

611

C cells

611

congenital hypothyroidism

611

myxedema

612

endemic goiter

612

toxic goiter

612

parathyroid glands

612

chief cells

612

hyperparathyroidism

612

adrenal gland

613

adrenal medulla

613

adrenal cortex

613

zona glomerulosa

613

zona fasciculata

613

zona reticularis

613

corticosteroid

613

androgen

613

pheochromocytoma

614

Cushing syndrome

614

adrenogenital syndrome (AGS)

614

Addison disease

615

pancreatic islets

615

a cells

615

ß cells

615

somatostatin

615

d cells

615

diabetes mellitus (DM)

615

polyuria

615

polydipsia

616

polyphagia

616

glycosuria

616

ketonuria

616

hyperglycemia

616

osmotic diuresis

616

IDDM

616

ketoacidosis

617

NIDDM

617

hyperinsulinism

617

insulin shock

617

gonadal hormone

617

granulosa cells

617

interstitial cells

617

sustentacular cells

617

steroid hormones

620

biogenic amines

620

peptide hormones

620

transport protein

621

bound hormone

621

unbound hormone

621

half-life

621

iodide pump

621

thyroglobulin

621

monoiodotyrosine (MIT)

621

diiodotyrosine (DIT)

621

thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)

621

prohormone

623

preprohormone

623

preproinsulin

624

proinsulin

624

connecting peptide

624

acceptor site

625

diacylglycerol

626

inositol triphosphate (IP3)

626

calmodulin

626

enzyme amplification

627

up-regulation

628

down-regulation

628

phosphodiesterase

628

synergistic effect

628

permissive effect

629

antagonistic effect

629

local hormone

629

paracrine secretions

630

eicosanoid

630

arachidonic acid

630

lipoxygenase

630

leukotriene

630

cyclooxygenase

631

prostacyclin

631

thromboxane

631

prostaglandin (PG)

631

stress

632

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

632

alarm reaction

632

stage of resistance

632

stage of exhaustion

632



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