1. Blood that leaves the heart usually flows through arteries, acapillary bed, veins, and back to the heart, but in a _______________, it flows throughtwo capillary beds in succession before returning.

2. Arteries and veins have three-layered walls. The innermost layeris called the _______________ and is lined by asimple squamous epithelium called the _______________.

3. With minor exceptions, _______________ are the only blood vessels that can exchange substances withthe surrounding tissues.

4. Some capillaries are especially permeable because they have largefiltration pores, or _______________, through them.

5. In a blood pressure such as 120/75, 120 represents the _______________ pressure and 75 represents the _______________ pressure.

6. Excessively high blood pressure is called _______________.

7. Blood flow is a function of pressure divided by _______________. The most effective way of changing that variable isto change the _______________ of the bloodvessels.

8. _______________ is the ability of a tissue to control its own blood flow, asopposed to control by hormonal and neural mechanisms.

9. Capillary filtration is opposed mainly by _______________pressure–the difference between the colloid osmotic pressure of the blood and that of thetissue fluid.

10. In _______________, the heart does not pump enough blood to meet the body'smetabolic needs, not because of cardiac failure or a loss of blood from the body, butbecause the blood has accumulated in the extremities.

11. The inferior end of the aorta branches into a right and left _______________.

12. The third and last artery to branch from the aortic arch is the _______________ artery.

13. The _______________ artery arises from the abdominal aorta and supplies the smallintestine with most of its blood.

14. The subclavian vein inferior to the clavicle and the internaljugular vein of the neck join each other and form the _______________ vein.

15. The _______________vein enters the hilum of the liver, carrying most of the nutrients absorbed by the smallintestine.

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