Saladin/Anatomy and Physiology

WWW Links

Chapter 1: Major Themes in Anatomy and Physiology

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9Oj532jO/pubs/mmanual/html/sectoc.htm
This site is the table of contents for the Internet version of the Merck Manual and has fairly technical explanations for most disorders.

http://www.hhmi.org/beyondbio101
The web stite from the Howard Hughes Memorial Institute has numerous links to biology education sites. There is a long discussion about undergraduate teaching innovations as well as interviews with professional biologists. You can find information about careers in the Biological Sciences and how science works today.

http://physiology.med.cornell.edu/wwwvl/physioWeb.html
This is a physiology master web site with links to many physiology topics

http://www9.biostr.washington.edu/da.html
A human anatomy atlas illustrating numerous systems.

http://www.largnet.uwo.ca/med/i-way.html
CT and ultrasounds of different body systems.

http://www.lifeart.com/
Free samples from the anatomy and physiology clipart packages come out each month. You are invited to download the images.

http://www.ea.pvt.k12.pa.us/medant/hyprtxts.htm
This page contains links to English translations of Hypocrites and of several texts by Galen.

Chapter 2: Matter and Energy

http://beta-tech.mit.edu/Chemicool
A beautifully colored periodic table where each element is linked to further tables that give more detailed information about that element.

http://members.aol.com/jeff555555/table/ptable.html
Another periodic table with links: this one loads more quickly.

http://www.virtual-pc.com/mindweb/merlin/alchemy/alchmore.html#principles
This is an introduction to an Internet college-level chemistry course There is a small fee and the purchase of a book.

http://studentweb.tulane.edu/~riker/chempoin.html
Chemistry department of Tulane University web site has downloadable chemistry software including clipart.

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/pharmacy/ced/dietchol/DietChl2.htm
A technical discussion about the relationship between free radicals and atherosclerosis (contributes to heart attacks).

http://www.knowledgebydesign.com/tlmc.html
Movies of models of atoms are shown.

Chapter 3: The Molecules of Life

http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/chemistry/bio/amino-acids.html
This has a list of amino acids. Clicking on the name of the amino acid will bring up another page showing different models of it.

http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/cell_intro.html
Some useful information about the chemical make-up of cells.

Chapter 4: Cellular Form and Function

http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/chapter1/cell_chapter1.html
Some introductory information and pictures of cells including an illustration of a prokaryotic cell.

http://esg-www.mit.edu:8001/esgbio/cb/org/animal.gif
A beautifully colored picture of an animal cell but with no links.

http://esg-www.mit.edu:8001/esgbio/cb/org/organelles.html
This illustrates a plant cell but the site has links to additional pages on the nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria. At these sites you will find drawings and/or electron micrographs.

http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/cell_intro.html
A good picture of the cell membrane and its constituents.

http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/chapter2/membrane.html#SEMIPERM
Additional details about the actual chemicals making up the cell membrane and a discussion of osmosis and diffusion.

http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/chapter2/protein. html#MEMBRANE
Active transporting proteins are discussed along with linked pictures illustrating their action.

Chapter 5: Genetics and Cellular Function

http://www.luc.edu/depts/biology/meiosis.htm
A good diagram of meiosis. There is a link to a mitosis picture.

http://www.ornl.gov/TechResources/Human_Genome/home.html
This is the home page of the Human Genome Project. There are links to sites related to specific conditions and chromosomes.

http://www.informatik.uni-rostock.de/HUM-MOLGEN/index.html
Use this address instead of the above for the same information. This is what they call a mirror site. These are handy because sometimes the mirror is busy or unavailable for some other reason.

http://cancer.med.upenn.edu/resources/
This page provides links to many other places where you get information about the p53 tumor-suppresser factor. It provides additional links related to cancer as well.

Chapter 6: Histology

http://pathy.med.nagoya-u.ac.jp/index-e.html
A photomicrographic atlas of blood cells and bone marrow. Some very good pictures that include various leukemias, thalassemia (a disorder affecting red blood cells), anemias, and masses of lymphocytes in the skin.

Chapter 7: The Integumentary System

http://www.medic.mie-u.ac.jp/derma/anatomy.html
This has a very clear color micrograph of a skin section with clickable areas for more details on certain layers, cells, or subjects. The site includes links to other dermatology pages.

http://www-sci.lib.uci.edu/~martindale/Medical.html#Derm
Links to many good dermatology sites but no skin information in it

http://www.maui.net/~southsky/introto.html
A very useful page for skin cancer information. There are a number of links and detailed explanations.

http://www.pinch.com/skin/
This is a page with links to several skin disease pages and includes a search link.

http://www.hkma.com.hk/std/menuskin.htm
Very detailed information about different types of eczema

http://www.ehap.musc.edu/Science/Silver.html
Detailed technical information about scleroderma.

Chapter 8: Skeletal Tissue

http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dboone/key/subjects/arthritis/xxxxxxxx1_1.html
Links to Paget's disease as well as other bone problems.

http://www.osteo.org/
Information on frequency of osteoporosis among groups of people, prevention, and ways to slow its affects. There are additional links to osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget's disease, and other bone tissue disorders.

Chapter 9: Anatomy of the Skeletal System

http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/oa/Bin/skeleton.html
Click on the bone and hear its name pronounced!

Chapter 10: Form and Function of the Joints

http://www.rad.upenn.edu/rundle/InteractiveKnee.html
Pictures, text, and links about this most complex of all joints.

http://www.meddean.luc.edu/develop/afang/KNEE.HTM
MRI's of the knee joint and associated structures including muscles.

http://rpisun1.mda.uth.tmc.edu/se/anatomy/
This contains a clickable human. One can examine sections of the foot, knee, and elbow joints.

http://www.rad.washington.edu/Anatomy/TMJ/TMJ.html
Various types of images, text, and links concerning temporomandibular joint disorder.

http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dboone/key/subjects/arthritis/xxxxxxxx1_1.html
An arthritis site with links to numerous other skeletal problems such as carpel tunnel syndrome and Paget's disease.

http://anatomy.uamc.edu/HTMLpages/anatomy.html
Lists of bones and muscles plus a skeletal outline for major joints from the University of Arkansas.

Chapter 11: Anatomy of the Muscular System

http://rpiwww.mdacc.tmc.edu:80/se/anatomy/arm/
The viewer can click on any of several sections through the forearm to examine the positions of the muscles.

http://www.healthink.com/muscles.html
This site provides simple pictures and a brief lay summary of functions and locations of certain major skeletal muscles such as the deltoid and the latissimus dorsi.

Chapter 12: Muscle Physiology

http://www.megaweb.co.za/md
Duchenne muscular dystrophy with links to many sites related to this specific condition as well as other muscular dystrophies. Multiple support groups are listed.

http://www.cs.sfu.ca/css/update/vol8/8.1-muscles.html
This site explains in lay terms the effect of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) on the growth of muscle cells. There are no other links.

Chapter 13: Nervous Tissue

http://neuron.duke.edu/
Go this address to obtain a downloadable neuron simulation program. Complete documentation is available.

http://www.physiol.arizona.edu/CELL/Instruct/BodyElect.html
This has some very interesting material, pictures and text, from the University of Arizona from the course entitled: "Body electric." There is information about excitable cells here.

Chapter 14: The Central Nervous System

http://www.nucmed.buffalo.edu/nrlgy1.htm#fdg_normal_brainx31
You can see a PET scan of normal brains but there are links to images with pathological conditions.

http://www.coa.uky.edu/ADReview
This web page contains a great deal of useful information about Alzheimer's disease and includes numerous links to other useful sites pertaining to the topic.

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9OwL2Wwl/disease/preventable/hib/
Haemophilus B is a bacterium that can cause meningitis. This site offers a brief discussion of the mode of transmission and lists those at greatest risk.

http://uta.marymt.edu/~psychol/brain.html
You can click on the cerebral cortex and the name of the structure appears along with an explanation.

Chapter 15: Peripheral Nervous System and Reflexes

http://angus.interspeed.net/ppsc/
This site has a huge number of links providing information on polio (affects the anterior motor horn) and other diseases with similar symptoms.

Chapter 16: The Sense Organs

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9OqO00Pa/disease/glaucoma/
There are brief and simple explanations for interocular pressure, diagnosis, and other topics related to glaucoma.

http://www.tinnitus-pjj.com/
There is a good explanation of tinnitis plus links to additional information and bibliography.

http://www.adworks.com/dizzy/vestib.html
This website has many links that provide information on equilibrium disorders. There are pictures of otoscopic exams and downloadable videos to watch.

Chapter 17: The Endocrine System

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/
Diabetes mellitus and conditions caused by diabetes, such as neuropathy, information for patients.

http://www.io.org/~thyroid/English/Guides.html
There are multiple links to other websites concerning thyroid conditions. Pictures are available on some of the sites.

http://www.cs.sfu.ca/css/update/vol8/8.1-muscles.html
This site explains in lay terms the effect of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) on the growth of muscle cells and relates the phenomena to aging. Additionally, a clear drawing explains the roles of receptors and of carrier molecules in this process.

Chapter 18: Blood

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9OwL2Wwl/disease/preventable/hepb/
Brief facts on hepatitis B: symptoms, statistics, spread, and prevention.

http://www.med.nagoya-u.ac.jp/pathy/Pictures/atlas.html
A photomicrographic atlas of blood cells and bone marrow. Some very good pictures that include various leukemias, thalassemia (a disorder affecting red blood cells), and anemias.

http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/INFEHTML/INFEC041.html
This site illustrates photopmicrographs of blood parasites and has links to other image-containing sites.

Chapter 19: The Heart

http://sln2.fi.edu/biosci/heart.html
The web page contains an open heart movie (requires QTV) as well as other attractive graphics. There are also activities related to EKG's and x-rays.

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9Oma1w8T/disease/heart/
This site covers heart risk factors in lay persons' terms.

Chapter 20: The Blood Vessels

http://neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu/vaschome.htm#AVMs
This site has a lot of text explaining about strokes, aneurysms, and other phenomena related to cerebral circulation. There are many links to other medical centers that contain diagrams and images of angiograms.

Chapter 21: Lymphatic and Immune Systems

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9PBm0Hsz/disease/hiv/
Several aspects of HIV and AIDS are covered here including an extensive presentation on the opportunistic infections associated with AIDS.

http://www.jem.org/cgi/content/full/185/1/55
Aptosis, macrophages, CD-4, and HIV are discussed in this Journal of Experimental Medicine article.

Chapter 23: Urinary system

http://www.renalnet.org/renalnet/nephrology/nephrology2.cfm
You can find a tutorial, links to radiology and pathology images, biopsies, and case studies.

Chapter 24: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-base

http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?261600
This site has information about PKU: cause, clinical signs, genetics, population biology, and dietary recommendations.

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/DiabetesDocs.html
Diabetes mellitus and conditions caused by diabetes, such as neuropathy, information for patients. This site is not very technical.

http://www.msud-support.org/descrip.htm
This is a non-technical site explaining the diagnosis, cause, and genetics of Maple Syrup Urine Disease.

Chapter 25: The Digestive System

http://www.merck.com/!!s9OfD17kBs9OwL2Wwl/disease/preventable/hepa/
Brief, simple explanation of Hepatitis A, vaccination, and statistics.

http://www.geocities.com/Paris/4664/introli.html
An explanation of lactose intolerance in lay person's terminology. There are a few links to other sources of information about this condition

Chapter 26: Nutrition and Metabolism

http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/chapter2/mitochondria.html
A picture and brief description of the mitochondrion. This site has links to codon information.

http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Omim/dispmim?261600
This site has information about PKU: cause, clinical signs, genetics, population biology, and diet recommendations.

Chapter 27 and 28: Male and Female Reproductive Systems

http://cancer.med.upenn.edu/specialty/gyn_onc/ovarian/
This site provides brief pieces of information about ovarian cancer, technical data about specific types of ovarian cancer, and has several links to other pages.

http://cancer.med.upenn.edu/classroom/colp/
Basically a tutorial on cervical cancer examination. It includes effective diagrams of normal tissue and progressive stages of cancer.

http://www.menshealth.com/features/mensconf/indexg.html
Men's health issues such as potency are presented on this lively site.

Chapter 29: Human Development

http://www.luc.edu/depts/biology/meiosis.htm
A good diagram of meiosis. There is a link to a mitosis picture.

http://hawley-lab2.ucdavis.edu/Meiosis.html
A more technical discussion of meiosis.

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