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A woman in the final stages of labor is
often told to push. By pushing, is she consciously contracting her uterus to
expel the baby? Justify your answer based on the muscular composition of the
uterus.
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A major premise of the cell theory
is that all bodily structure and function is based on cells. The structural
characteristics of bone, cartilage, and tendons, however, are due more to their
intercellular material than to their cells. Is this an exception to the cell
theory? Why or why not?
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When cartilage
is compressed, water is squeezed out of the proteoglycans, and when pressure
is taken off, water flows back in. This being the case, why do you think cartilage
at weight-bearing joints of the body (such as the knees) can degenerate from
lack of exercise?
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- The epithelium of the respiratory
tract is mostly of the pseudostratified ciliated type, but in the
alveoli—the tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
between the blood and inhaled air—the epithelium is simple squamous.
Explain the functional significance of this histological difference.
That is, why don’t the alveoli have the same kind of epithelium as the
rest of the respiratory tract?
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Which do you think would heal faster, cartilage
or bone? Stratified squamous or simple columnar epithelium? Why?
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