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Student Center Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition
The unity of form and function
Kenneth S. Saladin
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Chapter 13: Nervous Tissue

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 Comprehension Test

    2. Schizophrenia is sometimes treated with drugs such as chlorpromazine that inhibit dopamine receptors. A side effect is that patients begin to develop muscle tremors, speech impairment, and other disorders characteristic of Parkinson disease. Explain.
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    3. Hyperkalemia is a condition in which there is excess K+ in the extracellular fluids. What effect would this have on the resting membrane potentials of the nervous system and on neuronal excitability?
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    4. Suppose the sodium-potassium pumps of nerve cells were to slow down because of some metabolic disorder. How would this affect the resting membrane potentials of neurons? Would it make neurons more excitable than normal, or make them more difficult to stimulate? Explain.
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  4. The unity of form and function is an important concept in understanding synapses. Give two structural reasons why nerve signals cannot travel backward across a synapse. What might the consequences be if they did travel freely in both directions?
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    6. The local anesthetics procaine (Novocain) and tetracaine prevent voltage-regulated Na+ gates from opening. Explain why this would block the conduction of pain signals in a sensory nerve.
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