Lecture Outline

CHAPTER OVERVIEW: This chapter introduces the major tissue types in the body and emphasizes the relation of structure and function in tissues. The structural and functional characteristics of each major tissue type are reviewed, especially in the context of identifying the tissues. The histology of the body membranes is discussed. The processes of inflammation and tissue repair are described and their importance to the human body explained.

OUTLINE (two or three fifty-minute lectures)

 Chapt. Object.

Topic Outline, Chapter 4

Figures & Tables

Trnspcy. Acetates

Trnspcy.

Masters
  I. Epithelial Tissues
        a. Consists Mostly of Cells
        b. Covers Body Surfaces
        c. Most Have a Free Surface and a Basal Surface Attached to a Basement Membrane
        d. Special Cell Junctions Bind Epithelial Cells Together
        e. Gases and Nutrients Diffuse Through the Basement Membrane
        f. Epithelial Cells Retain the Ability to Divide by Mitosis

 

Fig. 4.1, p. 102

    

1-3

    A. Classification of Epithelium

Fig. 4.2, p. 102

    

4

        a. Simple - One Layer of Cells
  

TA-41

  
 

        b. Stratified - More than One
  

TA-42,43

  
 

        c. Pseudostratified - One, Appearing Like Several
 

TA-44

  
 

        d. Cell Shape - Squamous = Flat
  

TA-41

  
 

        e. Cuboidal = Cube-Like
  

TA-42

  
 

        f. Columnar = Like a Column

        g. Transitional

Table 4.1, p. 106

TA-43

  
 

      1. Functional Characteristics

Table 4.2, pp. 108-109

    
 

      2. Cell Layers and Cell Shapes

Predict Quest. 1

    

 

5

      3. Cell Surfaces

      4. Cell Connections

        a. Desmosomes & Hemidesmosomes

 

Fig. 4.3, p. 107

    
 

        b. Tight Junctions
      
 

          1). Zonula Adherens
     
 

          2). Zonula Occludens
     
 

        c. Gap Junctions
      

6

    B. Glands
      
 

        a. Epithelial Origin
      
 

        b. Endocrine Glands
      
 

        c. Exocrine Glands
      
 

          1). Location - Adjacent to Free Surface
     
 

          2). Structure - Unicellular and Multicellular

Fig. 4.4a-g, p.110

    
 

          3). Type of Secretion - Merocrine, Apocrine, Holocrine

Fig. 4.5, p.110

    
 

II. Connective Tissue (CT)

      

1; 7; 8
    A. Connective Tissue Cells
        a. "Blasts" Create
        b. "Cytes" Reside
        c. "Clasts" Break It Down
    B. Protein Fibers in the Matrix
        a. Collagen
        b. Reticular Fibers
        c. Elastin
    C. Other Matrix Molecules
        a. Hyaluronic Acid
        b. Proteoglycan
      

9
    D. Classification of Connective Tissue
    E. Matrix with Fibers as the Primary Feature

Table 4.3, p.112

    
 

      1. Fibrous Connective Tissue
      
 

        a. Loose Connective Tissue

Fig. 4.6a, p.113

TA-45

  
 

        b. Dense Connective Tissue

Fig. 4.6b,c pp.113-114

TA-46

  
 

        c. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Fig. 4.6d, p.115; Predict Quest.

2 & 3

TA-47

  
 

      2. Special Connective Tissue
      
 

        a. Adipose Tissue

Fig. 4.6f, p.115

TA-48

  
 

        b. Reticular Tissue

Fig. 4.6g, p.116

    
 

        c. Hemopoietic Tissue

Fig. 4.6h, p.116

 
 

    F. Matrix with Both Protein Fibers and Ground Substance
      
 

      1. Cartilage
      
 

        a. Hyaline Cartilage

Fig.4.6i, p.117; Predict Quest. 4

TA-48

  
 

        b. Fibrocartilage

Fig. 4.6j, p.117

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        c. Elastic Cartilage

Fig. 4.6k, p.118

TA-49

  
 

      2. Bone
     
 

        a. Cancellous Bone

Fig.4.6l, p.118

    
 

        b. Compact Bone

Fig. 4.6m, p.119

TA-50

  
 

    G. Predominantly Fluid Matrix

Fig. 4.6n, p.119

TA-51

  

1; 10

III. Muscle Tissue

Table 4.4, p.122

    

11
        a. Striated and Voluntary ñ Skeletal Muscle
        b. Striated and Involuntary ñ Cardiac Muscle
        c. Nonstriated and Involuntary ñ Smooth Muscle

Fig. 4.7a, p. 122

 

Fig. 4.7b, p. 123

 

Fig. 4.7c, p. 123

TA-52

 

TA-53

 

TA-54

  

1; 12

IV. Nervous Tissue

      
 

        a. Neurons

Fig. 4.8, pp.124-125

    
 

          1). Multipolar Neurons

          2). Bipolar Neurons

Fig.4.8a, p. 124

 

TA-55

  
 

          3). Unipolar Neurons

Fig. 4.8b, p. 125

    
 

        b. Neuroglia

Fig. 4.9, p.125

    
         

13

V. Embryonic Tissue

        a. Endoderm
        b. Mesoderm
        c. Ectoderm
      

14

VI. Membranes

Fig. 4.10, p. 126

TA-56

  
 
        a. Serous Membranes
        b. Mucous Membranes
        c. Synovial Membranes
      

15

VII. Inflammation

Fig. 4.11, p. 127

TA-57

  
 

        a. Mediators of Inflammation

        b. Edema

Predict Quest. 5

Clinical Note, p. 127

    

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VIII. Tissue Repair

        a. Regeneration in Labile and Stable Cell Lines
        b. Replacement in Permanent Cell Lines
        c. Primary Union in Wounds With Close Edges Primary Union in Wounds With Close Edges
        d. Secondary Union in Wounds of Large Area or Great Extent

Clinical Focus, p. 128

 

 

 

Fig. 4.12, p. 129

 

 

 

 

 

TA-58

  

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS: If this material is to be covered in only two lectures, the material splits nicely into discussion of the classification of tissues and then inflammation/tissue repair and tissue development. It is possible to combine the inflammation material with the material in the next chapter on the integument, which then allows two lectures for the discussion of the classification and functional characteristics of the tissues.

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