Chapt. Object.

Figures & Tables

Trnspcy. Acetates

Masters

I. Functions of the Skeletal System

1. Support

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Blood Cell Production

1,2

II. Cartilage

Fig. 6.1, p.156

1. Chondroblasts

3

2. Perichondrium

Predict Quest. 1

3. Appositional and Interstitial Growth

III. Bone Anatomy

4

A. Bone Shape

1. Long Bones

2. Short Bones

3. Flat Bones

4. Irregular Bones

Fig. 6.2, p.156

TM-23

B. Structure of a Long Bone

1. Diaphysis and Epiphysis

2. Epiphyseal Plate and Line

3. Medullary Cavity and Marrow

4. Periosteum

Fig. 6.3, p.157

Table 6.1, p.158

Fig. 6.4, p.158

Fig. 6.3c, p.157

TA-68

TA-70

TA-69

4

C. Structure of Flat, Short, and Irregular Bones

Fig. 6.5, p.158

TA-71

IV. Bone Histology

5

A. Bone Matrix

a. Hydroxyapatite

Fig. 6.6, p.159

Predict Quest. 2

1,6

B. Bone Cells

1. Osteoblasts

a. Ossification or Osteogenesis

Fig. 6.7, p.160

TA-72

2. Osteocytes

a. Lacunae

b. Canaliculi

3. Osteoclasts

4. Origin of Bone Cells

7

7

a. Stem Cells

b. Osteoprogenitor Cells

C. Woven Bone

D. Lamellar Bone

1. Cancellous Bone

a. Trabeculae

b. Oriented Along Stress Lines

2. Compact Bone

a. Haversian (Central) Canals

b. Concentric Lamellae

c. Osteons

d. Interstitial Lamellae

e. Circumferential Lamellae

f. Perforating (Volkmann's) Canals

Fig. 6.8a, p.161

Fig. 6.8b, p.161;

Fig. 6.9, p. 162

Fig. 6.10, p.163

Predict Quest. 3

TA-73

TA-74

TM-24

8

V. Bone Development

Table 6.2, p.163;

A. Intramembranous Ossification

1. Osteoprogenitor Cells

Fig. 6.11a, p.164

TA-75

2. Centers of Ossification

Fig. 6.11b, p.164

3. Fontanels of Skull

Fig. 6.12, p.165

C. Endochondral Ossification

Fig. 6.13a, p.166

TA-76

1. Bone Collar on Cartilage Model

Fig. 6.13b, p.166

TA-76

2. Chondrocyte Hypertrophy

3. Calcified Cartilage

4. Death of Chondrocytes

5. Primary Ossification Centers

Fig. 6.13c, p.166

TA-76,77

6. Secondary Ossification Centers

Fig. 6.13e, p. 167

Fig. 6.13f, p.167

Predict Quest. 4

TA-77

TA-78

9

VI. Bone Growth

Predict Quest. 5

A. Growth at Epiphyseal Plate

Fig. 6.14a, p.166

1. Appositional Growth Only

2. Zone of Resting Cartilage

3. Zone of Proliferation

4. Zone of Hypertrophy

5. Zone of Calcification

Fig. 6.14b, p.166

Fig. 6.15, p.168

Predict Quest. 6

TA-79

B. Growth at Articular Cartilage

Predict Quest. 7

10

C. Other Bone Growth

D. Factors Affecting Bone Growth

1. Nutrition

a. Vitamin D

b. Vitamin C

2. Hormones

a. Growth Hormone

b. Thyroid Hormone

c. Sex Hormones

1) Estrogens

Predict Quest. 8

2) Testosterone

11

VII. Bone Remodeling

Fig. 6.17, p.170; Fig. 6.18, p. 171

TA-80

TA-81

1. Interstitial Lamellae Formation

12

2. Response to Mechanical Stress

Clinical Note, p.170

13

VIII. Bone Repair

1. Hematoma

Fig. 6.19a, p.172

TA-82

2. Internal Callus

Fig. 6.19b, p.172

3. External Callus

4. Cartilage Ossification

Fig. 6.19b, p.172

Fig. 6.19c, p.172

5. Bone Remodeling

Fig. 6.19d, p.172

14

IX. Calcium Homeostasis

1. Parathyroid Hormone

2. Calcitonin

X. Systems Pathology

Clinical Focus, p.172

Clinical Note, p.173

Fig. 6.20, p.173

Clinical Focus, pp.174-175

Predict Quest. 9

System Interactions, p.177

TA-83

TM-25