Chapter 25: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation
Internet Activities
Carbohydrate
Metabolism: The Energetics of Carbohydrate Metabolism
A brief discussion of the energetics of carbohydrate metabolism includes information
on endergonic and exergonic reactions, hydrolysis, and the formation of ATP
in cells. Question: Compare and contrast endergonic and exergonic reactions.
Name the three major ways that ATP is formed in cells.
The Fates
of Dietary Glucose
The major source of dietary carbohydrate for humans is starch from consumed
plant material. This site reviews the sources and fates of dietary carbohydrates.
Question: Think of three possible fates of glucose in the human body.
Anaerobic
Glycolysis
Anaerobic glycolysis is discussed, as are the conditions under which it
occurs. Question: Under what conditions does the reduction of pyruvate to
lactate normally occur?
Gluconeogenesis
This pathway requires an energy input (as ATP). Find out why by exploring
this site Question: What is gluconeogenesis? Where in the human body does
this process occur?
Glycogen
and Glucose Interconversion
The amount of glycogen in muscle changes substantially between the fed state
and following heavy exercise. Learn more about this by reading these pages.
Question: Where is glycogen stored in the human body?
Conversion
of Excess Glucose to Fat
The much dreaded conversion of excess glucose to fat is summarized. Question:
Under what circumstances is glucose converted to fat?
Oxidative
Reactions
The oxidative reactions in the citric acid cycle are reviewed. Question: Briefly
describe in your own words the oxidation-reduction reactions that occur during
the citric acid cycle.
Electron
Transport Chain
A brief explanation of the electron transport chain is found at this site. Question:
What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration? What is the reduction
product of oxygen?
Protein
Metabolism
An introduction to protein metabolism is presented at this site. Question: What
are the building blocks of proteins?
Uses
of Amino Acids
Read about the uses of amino acids by the human body. Question: What are three
ways that amino acids are used in the human body?
Basal
Metabolism
Enter your personal data on height, weight, age, and activity to find out what
your recommended daily dietary requirements are. Question: Based on your physical
traits and activity, how much protein should you consume daily?
Guide
to Vitamins and Minerals
An interesting discussion that contrasts Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes is
accompanied by links to nutritional information that can help to control adult
onset diabetes mellitus. Question: A. Contrast Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. B.
Can diet be used to control Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
