Chapter 11: Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Chapter Objectives

  1. Discuss what is meant by the terms origin and insertion of a muscle.
  2. Define the following terms, and give an example of each; synergist, antagonist, prime mover, and fixator.
  3. List the major muscle shapes, and indicate how each relates to function.
  4. List and describe the three lever classes, and give an example of each. Which lever class is most common in the body?
  5. Describe the major movements of the head, and list the muscles involved in each movement.
  6. Describe various facial expressions, and list the major muscles causing them.
  7. List the muscles of mastication, and indicate the effect of each muscle on mandibular movement.
  8. Explain the location of and functional differences between extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles.
  9. Describe the process of swallowing, and explain the action of each muscle in this process.
  10. Describe the muscles of the eye and how each affects eye movement.
  11. Describe movements of the vertebral column, and list the muscles involved.
  12. Describe the placement, fascicular orientation, and function of the muscles of the thorax and abdominal wall.
  13. Describe the pelvic floor and perineum, and list the muscles forming them.
  14. List the muscles forming the rotator cuff, and describe its function.
  15. Describe the movements of the arm and the muscles involved.
  16. Describe the forearm muscles in terms of their functional groupings and the movement they produce.
  17. Explain the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles.
  18. Describe the movements of the thigh, and list the muscles involved in each movement.
  19. Describe the leg in terms of compartments, list the muscles contained in each compartment, and indicate the function of each muscle.

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