After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Describe the microscopic structure of a muscle and produce diagrams that illustrate the arrangement of myofilaments, myofibrils, and sarcomeres.

2. Describe the events that result in muscle contraction and relaxation in response to an action potential in a motor neuron.

3. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic muscle contraction.

4. Distinguish between fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles and explain the function for which each type is best adapted.

5. Distinguish among skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.

6. Define the following terms and give an example of each: origin, insertion, synergist, antagonist, and prime mover.

7. Describe various facial expressions and list the major muscles causing each.

8. Describe mastication, tongue movement, and swallowing and list the muscles or groups of muscles involved in each.

9. Describe the muscles of the trunk and the actions they accomplish.

10. Describe the movements of the arm, forearm, and hand and list the muscle groups involved in each movement.

11. Describe the movements of the thigh, leg, and foot and list the muscle groups involved in each movement.