Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology   3/e   Seeley/Stephens/Tate
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Chapter 19: The Reproductive System


Chapter Outline

Chapter 19: The Reproductive System

  1. Functions of the Reproductive System (Fig. 19.1, p. 510)

    1. Male

      1. Production of sperm cells
      2. Sustaining and transferring sperm cells to the female
      3. Production of male sex hormones

    2. Female

      1. Production of female sex cells
      2. Reception of sperm cells from the male
      3. Nurturing the development of the new individual
      4. Production of female sex hormones

  2. Formation of Sex Cells (Gametes) (Fig. 19.2, p. 511)TA 231

    1. Meiosis (Fig. 19.A, p. 512)

  3. Male Reproductive System (Fig. 19.3, p. 513)TA 232

    1. Scrotum
    2. Testes and spermatogenesis (Fig. 19.4, p. 514)TA 233

      1. Seminiferous tubulesHSST/4: Fig. 28.4 , p. 919
      2. Interstitial cells
      3. Efferent ductules
      4. Sertoli cells
      5. Spermatogonia
      6. Primary spermatocytes
      7. Secondary spermatocytes
      8. Spermatids and sperm cells

    3. Ducts (Fig. 19.5, p. 516)TA 234

      1. Epididymis
      2. Ductus deferens
      3. Seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct
      4. Urethra

    4. Penis (Fig. 19.5, p. 516)

      1. Corpora cavernosa
      2. Corpus spongiosum
      3. Glans penis
      4. Prepuce

    5. Glands and secretions

      1. Semen
      2. Emission and ejaculation
      3. Seminal vesicles
      4. Prostate gland
      5. Bulbourethral glands

  4. Physiology of Male Reproduction

    1. Regulation of sex hormone secretion (Fig. 19.6, p. 518)TA 235

      1. GnRH (Table 19.1, p. 519)
      2. FSH
      3. LH
      4. Testosterone

    2. Puberty
    3. Effects of testosterone (Table 19.2, p. 520)
    4. Male sexual behavior and the male sexual act

      1. Erection
      2. Emission
      3. Ejaculation

  5. Female Reproductive System (Fig. 19.7, 19.8, p. 522-23) TAs 236, 237

    1. Ovaries (Fig. 19.9, p. 524)TA 238
    2. Follicle and oocyte development (Fig. 19.10, p. 525)TA 239

      1. Primary oocytes and primary follicles
      2. Secondary oocytes and polar body
      3. Secondary follicle
      4. Mature follicle

    3. Ovulation

      1. Ovulation
      2. Corpus luteum

        1. Progesterone
        2. Estrogen

    4. Uterine tubes
    5. Uterus

      1. Body
      2. Cervix
      3. Perimetrium (serous layer)
      4. Myometrium
      5. Endometrium

    6. Vagina
    7. External genitalia (Fig. 19.11, p. 527)TA 240

      1. Vulva and vestibule
      2. Labia minora and vestibular glands
      3. Labia majora
      4. Mons pubis
      5. Clinical perineum

    8. Mammary glands (Fig. 19.12, p. 527)TA 241

      1. Development
      2. Lactation
      3. Prolactin and oxytocin

  6. Physiology of Female Reproduction

    1. Puberty

      1. Menarche
      2. GnRH, FSH, and LH

    2. Menstrual cycle (Fig. 19.13, p. 529)TA 242

      1. Menses (Table 19.3, p. 530)
      2. Proliferative phase
      3. Secretory phase

    3. Menopause (Table 19.4, p. 531)
    4. Female sexual behavior and sexual act

      1. Excitement
      2. Secretion
      3. Orgasm, or climax
      4. Resolution

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