Glossary - Definitions

Most of the words in this glossary are followed by a phonetic spelling that serves as a guide to pronunciation. The phonetic spellings reflect standard scientific usage and can be easily interpreted following a few basic rules.

• Any unmarked vowel that ends a syllable or that stands alone as a syllable has the long sound. Any unmarked vowel that is followed by a consonant has the short sound.

• If a long vowel appears in the middle of a syllable (followed by a consonant), it is marked with a macron (=). Similarly, if a vowel stands alone or ends a syllable but should have a short sound, it is marked with a breve (u).

• Syllables that are emphasized are indicated by stress marks. A single stress mark (´) indicates the primary emphasis; a secondary emphasis is indicated by a double stress mark (´´).

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