Concepts of Human Anatomy & Physiology   5/e   Van De Graaff/Fox
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I. Organization of the Skeletal System

Concept: The axial and appendicular components of the skeletal system of an adult human consist of 206 individual bones arranged to form a strong, flexible body framework.

II. Functions of the Skeletal System

Concept: The bones of the skeleton perform the mechanical functions of support, protection, and leverage for body movement and the metabolic functions of hemopoiesis and mineral storage.

III. Development of the Skeletal System

IV. Bone Structure

Concept: Each bone has a characteristic shape and diagnostic surface features that indicate its functional relationship to other bones, muscles, and the body structure as a whole.

V. Bone Tissue

Concept: Bone tissue is composed of several types of bone cells embedded in a matrix of ground substance, inorganic salts (calcium and phosphorus), and collagenous fibers. Bone cells and ground substance give bone flexibility and strength; the inorganic salts give it hardness.

VI. Bone Growth

Concept: The development of bone from embryo to adult depends on the orderly processes of cell division, growth, and ongoing remodeling. Bone growth is influenced by genetics, hormones, and nutrition.

VII. Physiology of Bone Tissue

Concept: Bone deposition and bone resorption maintain homeostasis of calcium and phosphate concentrations within the plasma of the blood. These processes are regulated by parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and calcitonin.

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