DNA can be damaged in many different ways, and this damage, if left unrepaired, can lead to mutations: changes in the base sequence of a DNA. Let us look at two common examples of DNA damage – base modifications caused by alkylating agents and pyrimidine dimers caused by ultraviolet radiation. Then we will examine the mechanisms that prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use to deal with such damage.

• Damage Caused by Alkylation of Bases
• Damage Caused by Ultraviolet Radiation
• Damage Caused by Gamma and X Rays
• Directly Undoing DNA Damage
• Excision Repair in Prokaryotes
• Excision Repair in Eukaryotes
• Mismatch Repair
• Failure of Mismatch Repair in Humans
• Coping with DNA Damage Without Repairing it
• Key Terms
• View All Figures

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