Water

When electrons are shared equally among atoms in a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds are referred to as non-polar. In some cases, electrons are not shared equally; the electrons spend more time orbiting around one of the atoms. This is referred to as a polar covalent bond. In a water molecule, for example, electrons spend more time orbiting around the oxygen atom than around the 2 hydrogen atoms. As a consequence, the hydrogen ends of the molecule have a slight positive charge and the oxygen end has a slight negative charge, although the molecule as a whole is electrically neutral.


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