Nervous tissue consists of neurons (nerve cells) and neuroglial cells. Neurons are the functional cells of nervous tissue. They are specialized to transmit electrical signals. Neurons consist of three principal parts: the soma, dendrites, and one axon or nerve fiber. The soma contains the nucleus. Extending from the soma are dendrites that receive information and transmit it towards the soma and one axon that transmits information away from the soma. Neuroglial cells support neurons. They are smaller and more numerous than neurons.
Locations: brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves
Functions: detect stimuli, respond, and transmit information to other cells
Key Features: few neurons with cytoplasmic extensions and multiple neuroglial cells