Campbell, D.G.: "The Bottom of the Bottom of the World," Natural History, vol. 101, November 1992, pages 46–53. An interesting look at deep-sea polychaete annelids.

Clark, R.B.: Dynamics in Metazoan Evolution; The Origin of the Coelom and Segments, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1964. Dated but classic treatment of the impact of the coelom on animal evolution.

Gorman, J.: "Worms Stand Tall: A Lowly Creature Gains New Status in the Coming Age of Compost," Audubon, vol. 95, November–December 1993, pages 106–7. Eisenia foetida, despite its unattractive name, is a little earthworm with a big contribution to composting.

Gosline, J.M. and M.E. DeMont: "Jet-Propelled Swimming in Squids," Scientific American, January 1985, pages 96–103. Describes how a squid jets through the water as rapidly as a fish for short distances by contracting muscles in its boneless mantle wall.

Halanych, K.M., and others: "Evidence from 18S Ribosomal DNA that the Lophophorates Are Protostome Animals," Science, vol. 267, March 17, 1995, pages 1641–43. Molecular biological data is used to help place the lophophorates among the Metazoa phylogenetically.

Hedeen, R.A.: The Oyster: The Life and Lore of the Celebrated Bivalve, Tidewater Publishers, Centreville, MD, 1986. The natural history of oysters, with emphasis on their role in Chesapeake Bay.

Lent, C.M. and M.H. Dickinson: "The Neurobiology of Feeding in Leeches," Scientific American, June 1988, pages 98–103. Illustrates beautifully the use of leeches as experimental animals.

Richardson, J.R.: "Brachiopods," Scientific American, September 1986, pages 100–106. Fascinating discussion of the ecology and diversity of this ancient phylum.

Sawyer, R.T.: "In Search of the Giant Amazon Leech," Natural History, December 1990, pages 66–67. In order to feed, leeches secrete an anticoagulant. Leech anticoagulants continue to be important life-savers in medicine today.