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Alberts, Bruce, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, and James D. Watson. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 3d ed. Garland Publishing, New York & London, 1994.

Bretscher, Mark S. "How Animal Cells Move." Scientific American, December 1987, p. 72. Animal cells move by bringing pieces of the outer membrane into the cytoplasm and then recycling them to the surface in a directed way.

Carafoli, Ernesto, and John T. Penniston. "The Calcium Signal." Scientific American, November 1985, p. 70. Calcium ions as second messengers in cells.

Carraway, K. L., and C.A.C. Carraway (eds.). The Cytoskeleton: A Practical Approach. IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1992.

Dautry-Varsat, Alice, and Harvey F. Lodish. "How Receptors Bring Proteins and Particles into Cells." Scientific American, May 1984, p. 52. More information about receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Glover, David M., Cayetano Gonzalez, and Jordan W. Raff. "The Centrosome." Scientific American, June 1993, p. 32. More detail about the structure that directs assembly of the cytoskeleton.

Stossel, Thomas P. "The Machinery of Cell Crawling." Scientific American, September 1994. The role of the cytoskeleton in cellular movement.

Taubes, Gary. "Conversations in a Cell." Discover, February 1996, p. 48. Steven Schreiber and Jerry Crabtree have discovered how to fabricate signal pathways between cells, called dimerizers. Control of the pathways has been applied to genetic engineering and genetic-based therapies for diseases such as sickle-cell anemia.

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