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Chapter 20: Developmental Biology I: Morphogenesis And The Control Of Growth |
1. Relevance of Topic
Developmental biology represents one of the last frontiers in the discipline, and also affects every human being, sometimes dramatically. This can be made relevant to most students by discussing topics such as regeneration (possible in some amphibians but not in mammals) and their applications to medicine, for example.
2. Continuity
Material from the previous chapters can be integrated into this first development chapter, especially in the later sections regarding membranes and proteins.
The next chapter is another examination of development, largely from the macro perspective.
3. Demonstration Activities
Text section 20.1
1. Do a demonstration with sea urchins releasing their gametes and watch fertilization occur. Use a projection system connected to a microscope, or perform the experiment and videotape it for playback in larger classrooms.
2. Figure 20.2 is the sea urchin egg being fertilized.
Text section 20.2
1. Figure 20.4 shows embryo rotation on an axis of polarity
2. Use videotapes or laser discs to show motion pictures of fertilized cells dividing.
3. Figure 20.5 is a nice set of drawings of frog embryos, and illustrates the embryo morphology nicely.
4. Figure 20.6 shows how the three primary germ layers differentiate in vertebrates.
5. Figure 20.7 shows epithelial and mesenchymal cells.
Text section 20.3
1. The amniote egg, with various membranes, is illustrated in Figure 20.9.
2. Figure 20.10 shows a bird embryo, a standard example of a terrestrial species embryo.
3. Figure 20.11 shows some features of mammalian development.
Text section 20.4
1. Figure 20.12 illustrates the three planes of division and the resulting forms.
2. Figure 20.13 contains examples of organisms constrained by division in various planes.
Text section 20.5
1. Figure 20.15 shows Steinberg's model of three types of cells with different adhesion forces, and the tissues they make.
Text section 20.6
1. Figure 20.18 illustrates the animal extracellular matrix.
Text section 20.7
1. Show motion pictures of time lapse photography of tissue culture cells that exhibit contact inhibition.
Text section 20.9
1. Figure 20.19 shows how sheets of neural tissue make the neural tube.
2. Figure 20.20 shows how tubes become branched and folded.
Text section 20.10
1. Figure 20.21 illustrates characteristics of tumors.
Text section 20.13
1. Figure 20.22 graphs the incidence of cancer against age.
Text section 20.15
1. Figure 18.34 shows a retrovirus.
Text section 20.16
1. Figure 20.24 shows cell communication proteins.
2. Figure 20.25 shows the erbB oncogene (associated with breast and ovarian cancers).
Text section 20.17
1. Show Table 20.1 and discuss environmental factors related to cancers.
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