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Bannister, P. Introduction to Physiological Plant Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1976.

Bergerud, Arthur T. "Prey Switching in a Simple Ecosystem." Scientific American, December 1983, p. 130. How lynx adapt to changes in their prey populations.

Childress, James J., Horst Felbeck, and George N. Somero. "Symbiosis in the Deep Sea." Scientific American, May 1987, p. 114. The remarkable density of life at deep-sea hydrothermal vents is explained by the mutually beneficial symbiosis of invertebrate animals and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria that colonize their cells.

Colinvaux, Paul. Why Big Fierce Animals Are Rare. Princeton University Press, Princeton (NJ), 1978.

Gilbert, Lawrence E. "The Coevolution of a Butterfly and a Vine." Scientific American, August 1982, p. 110. An interesting story of a community interaction.

Handel, Steven N., and Andrew J. Beattie. "Seed Dispersal by Ants." Scientific American, August 1990, p. 76. Thousands of plant species rely on ants to disperse their seeds. With special food lures and other adaptations, a plant can induce the insects to carry away its seeds without harming them.

Krebs, Charles J. Ecology, 4th ed. Harper Collins, New York, 1994.

Morse, Douglass H. "Milkweeds and Their Visitors." Scientific American, July 1985, p. 112. The insects and other animals that frequent milkweed form a model community for the study of interactions among species. The animals come to forage, but a few of them also serve the needs of the plant.

Neal, Ernest. Woodland Ecology. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (MA), 1960.

Pietsch, Theodore W., and David B. Grobecker. "Frogfishes." Scientific American, June 1990, p. 96. Masters of aggressive mimicry, these voracious carnivores can gulp prey faster than any other vertebrate predator.

Prestwich, Glenn D. "The Chemical Defenses of Termites." Scientific American, August 1983, p. 78. Another example of chemical ecology.

Rosenthal, Gerald A. "A Seed-eating Beetle’s Adaptations to a Poisonous Seed." Scientific American, November 1983, p. 164. A story of chemical adaptation.

Shuttlesworth, Dorothy. Natural Partnerships. Doubleday and Co., Garden City (NY), 1969.

Tumlinson, James H., W. Joe Lewis, and Louise E. M. Vet. "How Parasitic Wasps Find Their Hosts." Scientific American, March 1993, p. 46. The wasps find their hosts through kairomones from the plants on which they feed. The information might be useful in developing pesticide-free pest control.

Wickler, Wolfgang. Mimicry in Plants and Animals. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1968.

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