1. Life appeared about 4 billion years ago. Fossil evidence dates from about 3.8 billion years ago.
2. Needham and Spallazani set up a series of experiments with boiled broth in sealed and unsealed containers.
3. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus.
4. There are three possible answers to this question. First, polymerization would have to occur. Second, a membrane would have to form. Or, some students would like to say that metabolism would have to take place. All of these answers could be correct.
5. Metabolism and polymerization.
6. Molds, physical supports, and possibly the source of energy.
7. Answers may vary.
8. Answers may vary.
9a. Crinoids, lobe-finned fishes, tetrapods
b. Australopithecus afarensis, Dryopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals
c. Algae, cycads, flowering plants
10. Hominoid = ancestral to apes and humans
Hominid = ancestral to humans only
TO THINK ABOUT
1a. Division of labor
b. Embryo could develop on dry land.
c. Protection, increased survival
d. Free up hands for other tasks.
2. Answers will vary.
3. Pasteur, check opening vignette.
Miller, check pages 353-354.
4. Amino acids can be made whenever conditions are right.
5. Answers will vary.
6. Among other answers, proliferation of land animals.
feedback form |
permissions |
international |
locate your campus rep |
request a review copy
Copyright ©2001 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
digital solutions |
publish with us |
customer service |
mhhe home
Any use is subject to the
Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of the
The McGraw-Hill Companies.