1. Definitions in text
2a. electron, proton, atom, molecule
b. fructose, sucrose, cellulose
c. amine group, amino acid, dipeptide, protein
d. hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, sulfur, zinc
3. C10H16O3N2S
4a. Sharing electrons
b. Give & take of electrons
c. Attraction between polar molecules
d. Attraction "bridge" between sulfur atoms in amino acid chain.
e. Attraction between parts of molecules that are temporarily oppositely charged.
f. Carbon of one amino acid bonding with nitrogen of another amino acid (Some students may say the carboxyl group of one amino acid joining with the amine group of the next amino acid).
5. Answers will vary.
6. Fluidity, cohesion, adhesion, imbibition, high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, molecular structure, to name a few.
7. Amino group = NH3+, carboxyl group = COO-, R group = upper two carbons and attachments
8. Answers will vary.
9. Check Figures 3.23 and 3.24.
10. Answers will vary.
TO THINK ABOUT
1. 3 is acidic. Some students might argue that since 7 is neutral, this answer would also be nonalkaline.
2. Carbohydrates and salt
3. Organic substances are carbon compounds. Carbohydrates are carbon molecules. All carbohydrates are, by definition, organic.
4. No. Fructose is a carbohydrate.
5. Yes. Silicon has four valence electrons in its outer energy shell, the same as carbon.
6. Water expands as it freezes. The water's surface freezes before the lower portions.
7. a. enzyme
b. DNA
c. oxygen
d. zinc, copper
8. Cholesterol is a part of the cell membrane.
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