1. Different receptors.
2. Generally peptide hormones bind to the outside of the cell and stimulate second messengers. Steroid hormones enter the cell and act either in the cytoplasm or the nucleus.
3. Hormones self-regulate by feedback mechanisms. Specific examples will vary.
4. An anterior lobe tumor could cause an interference with any of the anterior hormones. GH is the most commonly affected hormone, though any could be. A posterior lobe tumor could cause an imbalance with either oxytocin or ADH or both. A hypothalamic tumor could affect either oxytocin or ADH or it could affect one or more of the releasing hormones that stimulate the anterior lobe hormones.
5. Possible answers:
Insulin / Glucagon
Calcitonin / Parathyroid hormone
6. Low metabolic rate.
7. When glucose levels rise, insulin is released and this facilitates the passage of glucose into the cell. This lowers the glucose level in the blood. When the glucose level is low, glucagon stimulates the release of glucose.
8 a. Pineal
b. Posterior pituitary (Hypothalamus)
c. Parathyroid
d. Adrenal cortex
e. Anterior pituitary
f. Anterior pituitary
g. Adrenal medulla
9 a. Thyroid
b. Pituitary
c. Parathyroid
d. Pancreas
e. Adrenal
10. Most likely a pheromone because by definition a pheromone is produced by one organism and stimulates a response in another organism.
11 Answers will vary.
TO THINK ABOUT
1. Answers will vary.
2. Yes, it is dangerous because there are numerous possible causes.
3. Answers will vary.
4. Insulin when the body actually needs it.
5. Answers will vary.
6. Not necessarily.
7. Answers will vary.
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