fallopian tubes fah-LO-pee-an TUBES In the human female, paired tubes leading from near the ovaries to the uterus. 197
fascicles FAS-i-kulls Groups of pine needles. 499
fatty acid A hydrocarbon chain that is a part of a triglyceride. 45
feather follicle feth-er foll-i-kull Extensions of the epidermis from which a feather extends. 602
fecundity fee-KUN-dit-ee The number of offspring an individual produces. 842
fermentation fur-men-TAY-shun An energy pathway in the cytoplasm that extracts limited energy from the bonds of glucose. 137
fetal period FEE-tal PEER-e-od The final stage of prenatal development, when structures grow and elaborate. 216
fiber An elongated plant cell that forms strands. 536
fibrin fi-brin A threadlike protein that forms blood clots. 717
fibrinogen fi-BRIN-o-jen A protein that is the precursor of fibrin. 714
fibroblast FI-bro-blast A connective tissue cell that secretes collagen and elastin. 594
fibrous root system FI-bres ROOT sis-tum A plant with short-lived first roots. 546
fiddlehead FID-ul-hed A leaf formation in a true fern. 498
filter feeder Animal that eats small organisms in an aquatic environment. 751
first filial generation FURST FILL-e-al gen-er-A-shun (F1) The second generation in a genetics problem. 265
fixed action pattern An innate, stereotyped behavior. 813
flagellum fla-GEL-um A tail-like appendage on a prokaryotic cell that rotates, providing locomotion. 66, 99, 446
flame cell system A simple nephridia excretory system in flatworms. 778
flavin adenine dinucleotide FLAY-vin AD-e-neen di-NUKE-lee-o-tide (FAD) An electron carrier molecule that functions in certain metabolic pathways. 120
floridean starch flor-ID-ee-in starch A carbohydrate in red seaweeds. 469
follicle cell FOL-ik-kel SEL Nourishing cell surrounding an oocyte. 197
follicle-stimulating hormone FOL-eh-kel STIM-u-la-ting HOR-moan (FSH) A hormone made in the anterior pituitary that controls oocyte maturation, development of ovarian follicles, and their release of estrogen. 666
food chain The linear relationship of species that eat each other. 859
food vacuole FOOD VAK-you-ole A membrane-bounded sac that simple animals use for digestion. 752
food web Connections between species that eat each other. 862
foot An organ that mollusks use to locomote. 519
forebrain FOR-brane The front part of the vertebrate brain. 620
formed elements Blood cells and platelets. 711
founder effect Genetic drift when small groups found new settlements, partitioning a subset of the original population's genes. 408
fountain effect Splitting and regrouping of a school of fish, which confuses a predator. 822
fovea centralis FO-ve-ah cenTRAL-is An indentation in the retina opposite the lens that has only cones and provides visual acuity. 648
frameshift mutation FRAME-shift mew-TAY-shun A mutation that adds or deletes one or two DNA bases, altering the reading frame. 341
free energy The usable energy in the bonds of a molecule. 116
free radical Highly reactive by-product of metabolism that can damage tissue. 233
fronds FRONDZ Leaves of true ferns. 498
frustules FRUS-tools Two-part silica walls of diatoms that provide complex shapes. 467
fucoxanthin foo-ko-ZAN-thin A pigment that gives golden-brown algae their distinctive color. 467
fundamental niche fun-da-MEN-tal neesh All the resources that a species could possibly use in its environment. 838
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