Chapter 23 Outline

Classification of Living Things

Systematics, which includes taxonomy, are the subject of this chapter. Cladistics is explained in an easy-to-understand manner.

Chapter Outline

In this chapter outline, the learning objectives and the selected key terms are given for each major head in the chapter.

Naming and Classifying Organisms (p. 380)

1. Describe and explain an organism's scientific name.

2. Discuss how species are classified, and note the problems involved in designating

species.

3. State the classification categories and the significance of classification.

4. Name the five kingdoms recognized by this text and give examples of organisms

in these kingdoms.

Selected Key Terms: taxonomy, classification, taxon, common ancestor, species,

genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, kingdom Plantae, kingdom Animalia,

kingdom Protoctista, kingdom Prokaryotae, kingdom Fungi

Constructing Phylogenetic Trees (p. 387)

5. Describe the field of systematics as it relates to phylogeny and the construction

of phylogenetic trees.

6. Describe the types of data used to construct phylogenetic trees.

7. Contrast three schools of systematics and describe how to construct a

cladogram.

systematics, phylogeny, phylogenetic tree, homology, convergent evolution,

parallel evolution, cladistics, cladogram, clade

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