Chapter 38 Outline

Digestive System and Nutrition

Comparative anatomy of digestive systems precedes an examination of the human digestive system. Nutrition in humans is also included in this chapter.

Chapter Outline

In this chapter outline, the learning objectives and the selected key terms are given for each major head in the chapter.

Comparing Digestive Tracts (p. 668)

1. Contrast the characteristics of an incomplete and a complete digestive tract.

2. Contrast the characteristics of a continuous and a discontinuous feeder.

3. Contrast the dentition and digestive tracts of mammalian herbivores and

mammalian carnivores.

Humans Have a Complete Tract (p. 671)

4. Name the parts of the human digestive system and describe, in general, their

structure and function.

5. Outline the digestion of carbohydrates (e.g., starch), proteins, and fats in humans

by listing the names and the functions of the appropriate digestive enzymes; note

where in the human digestive tract these enzymes function.

6. List the contributions of the liver and the pancreas to the digestive process in

humans.

7. Name six functions of the liver.

8. Give the names and the functions of hormones that affect the flow of digestive

juices.

Selected Key Terms: epiglottis, trachea, esophagus, peristalsis, duodenum, villus,

bile, gallbladder, lacteal

Nutrition Affects Health (p. 678)

9. Describe in detail the recommended food pyramid.

10. Discuss the various roles played by vitamins and minerals in the body.

vitamin

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