Chapter 41 Outline
Nervous System
Comparative organization of animal nervous systems
is discussed before the organization and function of the human
nervous system is described.
Chapter Outline
In this chapter outline, the learning objectives
and the selected key terms are given for each major head in the
chapter.
1. State the overall function of the nervous system.
How the Nervous System Evolved (p. 712)
2. Compare the organization and the complexity of various invertebrate nervous systems with those of the human nervous system.
Selected Key Terms: central nervous system, peripheral nervous system
Neurons Are Nerve Cells (p. 714)
3. Describe, in general, the structure of a neuron; name three types of neurons,
and state their specific functions.
4. Describe the nerve impulse as an electrochemical change that is recorded as
the action potential by the oscilloscope.
5. Describe the structure and the function of a synapse, including transmission
across a synapse.
neuron, dendrite, axon, interneuron, myelin sheath, resting potential, action
potential, saltatory conduction, synapse, neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (ACH), norepinephrine (NE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
Peripheral Nervous System Contains Nerves (p. 720)
6. Describe the structure and the function of the peripheral nervous system.
7. Draw a diagram depicting a spinal reflex, and explain the function of all parts included.
8. State the parts of the autonomic nervous system; cite similarities and differences
in structure and function of its two divisions.
nerve, ganglion, spinal cord, central canal, receptor, effector, reflex, autonomic system, sympathetic system, parasympathetic system
Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord (p. 724)
9. Describe, in general, the structure and the function of the central nervous system.
10. List the major parts of the brain, and give a function for each part.
11. Discuss, in general, current research into learning and memory.
meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, ventricle, medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebellum, cerebrum, limbic system
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