Chapter 7 Outline

Cellular Energy

Energy laws, metabolic pathways, and the production and use of ATP by cells are topics covered in this chapter.

Chapter Outline

In this chapter outline, the learning objectives and the selected key terms are given for each major head in the chapter.

Work Requires Energy (p. 104)

1. State two energy laws that have important consequences for living things.

2. Explain, on the basis of these laws, why living things need an outside source of

energy.

Selected Key Terms: energy

Metabolism Involves Energy Exchanges (p. 107)

3. Describe two types of metabolic reactions (pathways) that are found in all cells.

4. Describe the structure and the function of enzymes and the conditions that affect the

yield of enzymatic reactions.

5. Describe the regulation of enzymatic reactions (pathways) by the process of

inhibition. Compare competitive inhibition, noncompetitive inhibition, and feedback

inhibition.

6. Describe the function of the coenzymes NAD⁺ and FAD, and state

their role in the production of ATP by the electron transport system in mitochondria.

Contrast this electron transport system to the one in chloroplasts.

7. Describe the function of the coenzyme NADP⁺.

8. Explain, with the aid of a diagram, how degradative pathways drive synthetic

pathways, emphasizing the role of ATP and NADP⁺. Tell why an outside

source of matter and energy should be included in the diagram.

metabolism, substrate, enzyme, active site, denatured, feedback inhibition,

coenzyme, vitamin, NAD⁺, FAD, aerobic respiration, electron transport

system, NADP⁺, photosynthesis

ATP Is Metabolic Energy

9. Describe how ATP is built up and how ATP is used by cells. Explain why the energy

released by ATP breakdown cannot then be used for ATP buildup.

ATP, ADP, substrate-level phosphorylation, chemiosmotic phosphorylation

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