deep ecology
	A philosophy that calls for a profound shift in our attitudes and behavior based on voluntary simplicity; rejection of anthropocentric attitudes; intimate contact with nature; decentralization of power; support for cultural and biological diversity; a belief in the sacredness of nature; and direct personal action to protect nature, improve the environment, and bring about fundamental societal change.
direct action
	Civil disobedience, guerrilla street theater, picketing, protest marches, road blockades, demonstrations, and other techniques borrowed from the civil rights movement and applied to environmental protection.
environmental impact statement (EIS)
	An analysis, required by provisions in the National Environmental Policy Act of 1970, of the effects of any major program a federal agency plans to undertake.
environmental literacy
	Fluency in the principles of ecology that gives us a working knowledge of the basic grammar and underlying syntax of environmental wisdom.
green plans
	Integrated national environmental plans for reducing pollution and resource consumption while achieving sustainable development and environmental restoration.
green political parties
	Political organizations based on environmental protection, participatory democracy, grassroots organization, and sustainable development.
life-cycle analysis
	Evaluation of material and energy inputs and outputs at each stage of manufacture, use, and disposal of a product.
monkey wrenching
	Environmental sabotage such as driving large spikes in trees to protect them from loggers, vandalizing construction equipment, pulling up survey stakes for unwanted developments, and destroying billboards.
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)
	A term referring collectively to pressure and research groups, advisory agencies, political parties, professional societies, and other groups concerned about environmental quality, resource use, and many other issues.
postmaterialist values
	A philosophy that emphasizes quality of life over acquisition of material goods.
precycling
	Making environmentally sound decisions at the store and reducing waste before we buy.
shallow ecology
	A critical term applied to superficial environmentalists who claim to be green but are quick to compromise and who do little to bring about fundamental change. Many of those accused of being shallow ecologists counter that they are merely pragmatic, progressive reformers who prefer to work within the established social contract rather than try to overthrow it.
social ecology
	A socialist/humanist philosophy based on the communitarian anarchism of the Russian geographer Peter Kropotkin. It shares much with deep ecology except that it is more humanist in its outlook.
wise use movement
	A coalition of ranchers, loggers, miners, industrialists, hunters, off-road vehicle users, land developers, and others who call for unrestricted access to natural resources and public lands.

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