Appendix A
Additional Problems
The problems in this document may
be used as extra review or practice for quizzes and exams. They are
organized by chapter and are very similar in spirit to those found in the
text. When referring to problems in this document, we will use the chapter
number followed by the problem number. For example, Problem 1.3 refers to
the third problem in the problem set for Chapter 1. The answers to these
problems may be found in a companion document at this website.
Problems for Chapter 2.
- Suppose a
physical education class is made up of 25 students, 10 of whom are
classified as cigarette smokers. A random sample of 6 students is to be
chosen for an exercise physiology experiment. What is the probability that
exactly half the sample will be smokers?
- In a population of recently discovered tree frogs, 40% of the individuals have
orange-colored skin and the rest are green-colored. Seventy percent have
black eyes while the remainder have gray eyes. Twenty percent have both
orange skin and black eyes.
- Are skin color and eye color
independent?
- What percentage of the frogs have orange
skin or black eyes?
- What percentage have green skin and gray
eyes?
- If a given frog has orange skin, what is
the probability that it will have black eyes?
- What is the probability that two
randomly chosen frogs will both have orange skin and black eyes?
- In 1992,
the Mattel toy company marketed a talking version of the ever-popular
Barbie doll. Each "Teen Talk Barbie" had a computer chip programmed with 4
phrases chosen randomly from a total of 270 phrases. Among these phrases
was the now infamous "Math class is tough!" A spokeswoman for the company
was quoted as saying that "there's less than a 1% chance that you're going
to get a doll that says, 'Math class is tough!" What was the true
probability of getting such a doll? Perhaps math was tough . . . (See
"Mathematicians talk tough to new Barbie", Science, 1992, 258, 396.)
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