|
Computer-Based Information System:
An information system that uses computer hardware and software to perform its information processing activities.
Control:
The systems component that evaluates feedback to determine whether the system is moving toward the achievement of its goal and then makes any necessary adjustments to the input and processing components of the system to ensure that proper output is produced.
Data:
Facts or observations about physical phenomena or business transactions. More specifically, data are objective measurements of the attributes (characteristics) of entities, such as people, places, things, and events.
Data or Information Processing:
The act of converting data into information.
Data Resources:
Data, model, and knowledge bases
Developing Business/IT Solutions:
End users and IS specialists develop and implement business/IT solutions to problems and opportunities arising in businesses.
Electronic Business:
Using the Internet, intranets, and extranets as the IT platform for internal business operations, electronic commerce, and enterprise collaboration.
Electronic Commerce:
The buying and selling, marketing and servicing, and delivery and payment of products, services, and information over the Internet, intranets, extranets, and other networks, between an internetworked enterprise and its prospects, customers, suppliers, and other business partners.
End User:
Anyone who uses an information system or the information it produces.
Enterprise Collaboration System:
The use of groupware tools and the Internet, intranets, extranets, and other computer networks to support and enhance communication, coordination, collaboration, and resource sharing among teams and workgroups in an internetworked enterprise.
Extranet:
Interorganizational Internet-like networks among trading partners.
Feedback:
Data or information concerning the components and operations of a systems performance.
Hardware Resources:
Includes all physical devices and materials used in information processing (Machines and media).
Information - Products:
The degree to which information has the appropriate information that is useful for users. Information products include messages, reports, forms, and graphic images.
Information - Quality:
The degree to which information has content, form, and time characteristics that give it value to specific end users.
Information System:
A system that uses the resources of hardware, software, and people to perform input, processing, output, storage, and control activities that transform data resources into information products.
Information System Activities:
Input, processing, output, storage, and control
Information System Model:
An information system uses people, hardware, software, network, and data resources to perform input, processing, output, storage, and control activities that transform data resources into information products.
Information Technology:
Hardware, software, telecommunications, database management, and other information processing technologies used in computer-based information systems.
Internetworked E-Business:
A business that uses the Internet, intranets, extranets, and other computer networks to support electronic commerce and other business processes, managerial decision making, and team and workgroup collaboration within the enterprise and among its customers, suppliers, and other business partners.
Intranet:
Internet-like networks and websites inside a company.
IS Knowledge Needed by Business Professionals:
Fundamental concepts about information systems, their technology, development, applications, and management.
Knowledge Workers:
People whose primary work activities include creating, using, and distributing information.
Management Challenges of IS:
Managing the IT resources of a company effectively and ethically to improve its business performance and value.
Network Resources:
Network resources include communications media and network support.
People Resources:
IS Specialists and end users.
Roles of IS Applications in Business:
Information systems perform three vital roles in any type of organization:
- Support of business operations
- Support of managerial decision making
- Support of strategic competitive advantage
Software Resources - Programs:
A set of instructions that cause a computer to perform a particular task.
Software Resources - Procedures:
Set of instructions used by people to complete a task.
System:
A system is a group of interrelated components working together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process.
Trends in Information Systems:
See Figure 1.14.
Types of Information Systems - Cross-Functional Systems:
Information systems that cross the boundaries of functional business areas in order to support business processes across the organization.
Types of Information Systems - Management Support Systems:
Include executive information systems, decision support systems, and management information systems.
Types of Information Systems - Operations Support Systems:
Include office automation systems, transaction processing systems, and process control systems.
| 
