Conventional Energy
1. The richest 1/5 of the world's population uses about (p. 465)
A. 10% of the world's commercial energy due to reduced demand after the oil crisis in the 1970s.
B. 20% of the world's commercial energy.
C. 65% of the world's commercial energy.
D. 90% of the world's commercial energy.
E. none of the above.
2. On average, each person in the United States and Canada uses, in one day, the amount of energy that a person in a developing country uses in a (p. 465)
A. day.
B. week.
C. month.
D. year.
E. decade.
3. While there is a link between energy consumption and per capita gross national product, some countries, like the following, have a high per capita gross national product but use relatively less energy than the United States: (p. 465)
A. Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland
B. Canada
C. Ethiopia, India, and Egypt
D. the United Arab Emirates
E. Greece
4. The greatest user of energy in the United States (p. 466)
A. is transportation.
B. are residential and commercial users.
C. is industry.
D. the trucking industry.
E. none of the above.
5. The most efficient fuel is (p. 466)
A. electricity.
B. natural gas.
C. oil.
D. gasoline.
E. coal.
6. The most plentiful fossil fuel is (p. 467)
A. crude oil.
B. natural gas.
C. coal.
D. gasoline.
E. none of the above.
7. Among the significant emissions from coal burning is (pp. 467-468)
A. radioactivity.
B. mercury.
C. sulfur dioxide.
D. nitrogen oxides.
E. C and D.
F. all of the above.
8. The United States has used approximately what percent of its original recoverable oil reserves? (p. 471)
A. 1%
B. 25%
C. 40%
D. 80%
E. none of the above
9. While enhanced recovery, or stripping, wells could recover oil from huge oil shale reserves, especially in the western United States, they have severe environmental constraints since (p. 471)
A. these reserves are likely to also contain highly explosive methane gas.
B. shale oil can release toxic dioxins that are produced in the stripping process.
C. even a moderate size well can produce prodigious quantities of toxic sludge and contaminate or consume billions of liters of water per year.
D. these reserves are in igneous rocks and, therefore, also filled with radioactive isotopes.
E. none of the above.
10. The geographic area that contains the greatest percentage of proven-in-place natural gas reserves is (p. 473)
A. South America.
B. the former Soviet Union, especially Siberia and the Central Asian Republics.
C. former Yugoslavia, especially Slovenia.
D. the United States.
E. Africa.
11. Methane hydrate deposits beneath arctic permafrost and in ocean sediments is a potential (pp. 473-474)
A. unconventional source of natural gas.
B. contributor to global warming.
C. new fuel for nuclear reactors.
D. source of synthetic oil.
E. A and B.
F. all of the above.
12. The heyday for the building of nuclear power generators in the United States was (p. 474)
A. the early 1960s.
B. the early 1970s.
C. the 1980s.
D. the 1990s.
E. none of the above.
13. The majority of nuclear reactors in the United States are the (pp. 475-476)
A. graphite moderated Russian design: RMBK.
B. heavy water Canadian design: CANDU.
C. pressurized water reactors: PWR.
D. boiling water reactors: BWR.
E. United States reactors are equally split between A and D.
14. This type of reactor uses neutrons from Uranium 238 to make Plutonium 239: (p. 477)
A. a breeder reactor
B. a modular high-temperature, Gas Cooled reactor
C. a Process-Inherent Ultimate Safety reactor: PIUS
D. the Canadian "slow poke" smaller version of the PIUS reactor
E. none of the above
15. Among the key reasons nuclear power has not grown in the United States is (pp. 480-482)
A. negative public opinion about nuclear reactors' safety.
B. the cost of building plants is very high.
C. decommissioning nuclear plants can cost two to ten times as much as it cost to build them.
D. disposal of nuclear wastes require long term solutions and constant supervision.
E. B and D.
F. all of the above.