84) On a certain day in 2011, the exchange rate between the American dollar and the Mexican peso was given by p 11.40d, where d represents the number of dollars and p represents the number of pesos. Dollars and Pesos 20 40 60 80 100 Dollars 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 Mexican pesos d p 0 a) What is the p-intercept? What does it mean in the context of the problem? b) What is the slope? What does it mean in the context of the problem? c) Use the graph to estimate the value of 600 pesos in dollars. Then, use the equation to determine this number. 85) According to information taken from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual salary y, in dollars, of a pharmacist from 2000 to 2006 can be approximated by y 3986x 68,613 where x is the number of years after 2000. (www.bls.gov/oes) a) What is the y-intercept? What does it mean in the context of this problem? b) What is the slope? What does it mean in the context of this problem? c) What was the average annual salary of a pharmacist in 2004? d) Find the average annual salary of a pharmacist in 2014 if this equation continues to accurately model a pharmacist’s average annual salary. e) Using an appropriate scale, graph the equation for the years 2000–2006. 86) According to information taken from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the percentage of men, y, ages 20–24 in the civilian labor force from 1986 to 2016 (projected) can be approximated by y 0.4x 85.8, where x is the number of years after 1986. (http//www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2007/11/art3full.pdf) a) What is the y-intercept? What does it mean in the context of this problem? c) Use the graph to fi nd Dave’s income if his total sales are $80,000. Confi rm your answer using the equation. 82) Li Mei gets paid hourly in her after-school job. Her income is given by I 7.50h, where I represents her income in dollars and h represents the number of hours worked. Li Mei’s Income 2 4 6 8 101214161820 Hours worked 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 Income (in thousands) h I 0 a) What is the I-intercept? What does it mean in the context of the problem? b) What is the slope? What does it mean in the context of the problem? c) Use the graph to fi nd how much Li Mei earns when she works 14 hr. Confi rm your answer using the equation. 83) The per capita consumption of whole milk in the United States since 1945 can be modeled by y 0.59x 40.53 where x represents the number of years after 1945, and y represents the per capita consumption of whole milk in gallons. (U.S. Department of Agriculture) Per Capita Consumption of Whole Milk 10 20 30 40 50 60 Number of years after 1945 45 35 25 15 5 Gallons of milk consumed per person x y 0 a) What is the y-intercept? What does it mean in the context of the problem? b) What is the slope? What does it mean in the context of the problem? c) Use the graph to estimate the per capita consumption of whole milk in the year 2000. Then, use the equation to determine this number. www.mhhe.com/messersmith SECTION 4.2 Slope of a Line and Slope-Intercept Form 169
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