2 Chapter 1 Whole Numbers Section 1.1 Introduction to Whole Numbers 1. Place Value Numbers provide the foundation that is used in mathematics.We begin this chapter by discussing how numbers are represented and named. All numbers in our numbering system are composed from the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. In mathematics, the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, . . . are called the whole numbers. (The three dots are called ellipses and indicate that the list goes on indefinitely.) For large numbers, commas are used to separate digits into groups of three called periods. For example, the number of live births in the United States in a recent year was 4,058,614. (Source: The World Almanac) Numbers written in this way are said to be in standard form. The position of each digit determines the place value of the digit. To interpret the number of births in the United States, refer to the place value chart (Figure 1-1). Hundred-thousands Ten-thousands Figure 1-1 547,098,632 Answers 1. First 3 (on the left) represents 3 hundreds, while the second 3 (on the right) represents 3 ones. 2. Ten-millions 3. Thousands 4. Hundreds Billions Period Millions Period Thousands Period Ones Period Ten-billions Billions Hundred-millions Hundred-billions Ten-millions Millions Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones 4, 0 5 8, 6 1 4 The digit 5 in represents 5 ten-thousands because it is in the tenthousands place. The digit 4 on the left represents 4 millions, whereas the digit 4 on the right represents 4 ones. Determining Place Value Example 1 Determine the place value of the digit 2. a. b. c. Solution: a. hundred-thousands b. tens c. 502,000,700 millions 417,216,900 724 502,000,700 417,216,900 724 4,058,614 Concepts 1. Place Value 2. Standard Notation and Expanded Notation 3. Writing Numbers in Words 4. The Number Line and Order Concept Connections 1. Explain the difference between the two 3’s in the number 303. Skill Practice Determine the place value of the digit 4. 2. 3. 1,659,984,036 4. 6,420
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