Section 1.3 Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers and Perimeter 15 3 5, 11 72 12, Answers 5. 3 5 5 3 6. 11 72 12 1 17 122 Parentheses indicate that 3 8 is added first. Then the result is added to 2. Applying the Properties of Addition Example 4 a. Rewrite 9 6, using the commutative property of addition. b. Rewrite 115 92 5, using the associative property of addition. Solution: a. 9 6 6 9 Change the order of the addends. b. 115 92 5 15 19 52 Change the grouping of the addends. 3. Subtraction of Whole Numbers Jeremy bought a case of 12 sodas, and on a hot afternoon he drank 3 of the sodas. We can use the operation of subtraction to find the number of sodas remaining. The symbol “ ” between two numbers is a subtraction sign, and the result of a subtraction is called the difference. The number being subtracted (in this case, 3) is called the subtrahend. The number 12 from which 3 is subtracted is called the minuend. is read as “12 minus 3 is equal to 9” 12 3 9 minuend subtrahend difference Subtraction is the reverse operation of addition. To find the number of sodas that remain after Jeremy takes 3 sodas away from 12 sodas, we ask the question: “3 added to what number equals 12?” That is, 12 3 ? is equivalent to ? 3 12 12 sodas 3 sodas 9 sodas 2 13 82 2 11 13 Associative Property of Addition For any numbers a, b, and c, 1a b2 c a 1b c2 The manner in which addends are grouped does not affect the sum. Skill Practice 5. Rewrite using the commutative property of addition. 6. Rewrite using the associative property of addition.
miller_prealgebra_2e_ch1_3
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