Section 1.6 Division of Whole Numbers 47 Division of Whole Numbers Section 1.6 1. Introduction to Division Suppose 12 pieces of pizza are to be divided evenly among 4 children (Figure 1-6). The number of pieces that each child would receive is given by 12 4, read “12 divided by 4.” The process of separating 12 pieces of pizza evenly among 4 children is called division. The statement indicates that each child receives 3 pieces of pizza.The number 12 4 3 12 is called the dividend. It represents the number to be divided.The number 4 is called the divisor, and it represents the number of groups.The result of the division (in this case 3) is called the quotient. It represents the number of items in each group. Division can be represented in several ways. For example, the following are all equivalent statements. divisor quotient dividend dividend quotient divisor dividend divisor quotient Recall that subtraction is the reverse operation of addition. In the same way, division is the reverse operation of multiplication. For example, we say because Identifying the Dividend, Divisor, and Quotient 3 4 12. Example 1 Simplify each expression. Then identify the dividend, divisor, and quotient. a. b. c. Solution: a. because 63 7 48 6 936 48 6 8 8 6 48 The dividend is 48, the divisor is 6, and the quotient is 8. 12 4 3 12 4 3 3 4 12 12 4 3 12 pieces of pizza Child 1 Child 2 Child 3 Child 4 Figure 1-6 This bar is called a fraction bar. Concepts 1. Introduction to Division 2. Properties of Division 3. Long Division 4. Dividing by a Many-Digit Divisor 5. Translations and Applications Involving Division 56 7 420 Answers 1. Dividend: 56; divisor: 7; quotient: 8 2. Dividend: 20; divisor: 4; quotient: 5 3. Dividend: 18; divisor: 2; quotient: 9 4 b. because 4 9 36 936 The dividend is 36, the divisor is 9, and the quotient is 4. 63 7 c. because 9 7 63 9 The dividend is 63, the divisor is 7, and the quotient is 9. Skill Practice Identify the dividend, divisor, and quotient. 1. 2. 3. 18 2
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