50 Chapter 1 Whole Numbers In many instances, quotients do not come out evenly. For example, suppose we had 13 pieces of pizza to distribute among 4 children (Figure 1-7). Figure 1-7 Answer 14. 1021 R2 The mathematical term given to the “leftover” piece is called the remainder. The division process may be written as The remainder is written next to the 3. The whole part of the quotient is 3, and the remainder is 1. Notice that the remainder is written next to the whole part of the quotient. We can check a division problem that has a remainder. To do so, multiply the divisor by the whole part of the quotient and then add the remainder. The result must equal the dividend. That is, 1Divisor2 1whole part of quotient2 remainder dividend Using Long Division Thus, Example 5 Divide. Solution: 1253 6 208 R5 61253 12 05 00 53 48 5 and subtract. 6 2 12 Bring down the 5. Note that 6 does not divide into 5, so we put a 0 in the quotient. Bring down the 3. and subtract. 6 8 48 The remainder is 5. To check, verify that 162 12082 5 1253. ✔ ✔ 142 132 1 13 12 1 13 13 13 3 R1 413 12 1 13 pieces of pizza Child 1 Child 2 Child 3 Child 4 1 leftover piece Skill Practice Divide. 14. 5107 5
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