Use this outline to increase your understanding of the important characteristics of Anglo America.

1. New World Core -- This region continues its leadership position within the world economy.
2. New Cultures -- After 1492, the cultures of the New World were overwhelmed by European cultures.
1. Native Americans -- The natural environment affected the numbers of Native Americans and how they lived.
2. European Settlers -- Spanish, French, and Dutch colonial areas are eventually replaced by expanding British colonialism.
3. Wealth of Natural Resources -- Abundant arable land and numerous minerals led to industrialization and economic development. Colder climate causes Canada to initially lag behind the U.S.
4. Human Resources -- Immigrants to Anglo America brought initiative and ambition that under the democratic freedoms led to technological innovation and the creation of wealth.
5. World Roles -- After becoming world political and economic leader, the U.S. has recently entered into trade agreements with Canada and Mexico.
6. Problems of Affluence -- Differences between the rich, the moderately rich, and the poor are substantial and growing. These differences affect patterns within cities and between rural and urban areas. Affluence also contributes to environmental damage.
3. World Issue: Gentrification -- The migration of higher income households into poor inner city areas does help to rebuild neighborhoods, but the overall impact so far has been modest, and dispossessed groups have had to move.
4. Natural Environment -- This region has a wide variety of environments with Canada’s more northern location providing a major challenge.
1. Tropical to Polar Climates -- Several different climatic types are currently important. In the past, glaciation was significant.
2. Mountains and Plains -- Many upland areas are found east and west of the central lowlands. The Canadian Shield underlies half of Canada and has little soil and many minerals.
3. Major Rivers and the Great Lakes -- This region contains many sources of water and routes for transportation.
4. Varied Natural Vegetation and Soils -- The best soils are found in the interior plains
5. Natural Hazards -- Many natural hazards like floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes are found in this region.
6. Environmental Problems -- Mining, farming, and manufacturing create many environmental problems like soil erosion and acid rain.
5. United States of America -- This country is the leading free market economy and has a federal system of government.
1. Variety of Regions -- New England with early manufacturing and major universities; Megalopolis with many large cities and the national capital; Manufacturing Belt producing many different industrial products; Appalachia with coal and economic problems; Midwest and Great Plains with great production of crops and livestock; the South with cultural distinctiveness and economic improvement; the Western Mountains with rugged topography, dryness, and few people; Pacific Coast as a relatively new national core with increasing Asian links; and outlying, strategic Alaska and Hawaii are the regions of this diverse country.
2. People -- The U.S. has many large metropolitan areas. The origins of immigrants changed over time and immigration remains a continuing issue and source of population growth. Hispanics will become more numerous than African Americans and Native American groups are slowly making economic progress.
3. Economic Development -- Having the largest GDP of any country by far, the U.S. has the greatest variety of economic activity. Manufacturing based on minerals and transportation became very successful, but services and information-related activities are now more important. Commercial agriculture is also well developed. Government assistance occasionally aided economic development with programs like the Tennessee Valley Authority.
6. Living in the United States of America -- Many Americans enjoy a high standard of living, leisure activities, mobility, large homes, many educational opportunities, and sophisticated health facilities.
7. Canada -- Canada, for better and for worse, is greatly affected by its neighbor to the south.
1. Regions of Canada -- Differences threaten unity in Canada. The Atlantic Provinces struggle economically, whereas Quebec considers independence. Ontario is the economic heart of Canada and the best climate, and the Prairie Provinces produce wheat and livestock. British Columbia is isolated from the rest of Canada.
2. People -- Canada’s population growth is similar to that of the U.S. and the western areas grow the most. Independence movements in Quebec and treatment of native Eskimos or Inuits are additional issues.
3. Economic Development -- An affluent country, Canada’s economy includes many primary products, import substitution industries, and many ties with the U.S.
8. Landscapes of Anglo America -- Urban areas in the U.S. developed distinctive land use patterns including ghettos and multiple nuclei. Suburbanization and gentrification continue to occur. Canadian cities are similar to American cities, but more urban planning took place in Canada as in Toronto. Rural landscapes of both countries contain many parks and other preserves.
9. Future Prospects -- The United States has been successful in maintaining its position in technology, trade, and politics. How dominant the U.S. will be in the future is unclear. Both countries have continuing ties with Europe and increasing connections with East Asia.

After reading and studying this chapter you should be able to:

1. Understand the label "Anglo America" and the language make up of the region.
2. Identify Anglo America’s share of the world’s GDP and how the region compares with Western Europe and Japan.
3. Describe the colonial period and its impacts on native Americans.
4. Outline Anglo America’s wealth of natural resources.
5. Explain manufacturing structures and processes that helped the U.S. achieve rapid economic growth.
6. Differentiate Canada from the U.S.
7. Define gentrification and describe its consequences for urban areas.
8. Understand the growing gap between rich and poor people in the U.S.
9. List characteristics of affluent living in the United States of America.
10. Examine the range of natural environments within the U.S. and Canada.
11. List the numerous natural hazards that afflict Anglo America.
12. Define the Megalopolis region.
13. Compare and contrast the Midwest and the Great Plains region with the South region.
14. Trace the history of changing origins of immigrants to the U.S.
15. Outline the broad historical patterns of economic development in the U.S.
16. Understand Canada’s relationships with the U.S.
17. List the problems facing Canada’s Atlantic Provinces.
18. Compare and contrast the provinces of Quebec and Ontario.
19. Discuss the characteristics of American and Canadian urban areas.
20. Identify the future prospects of the U.S. and Canada.

Study the Key Terms listed in this chapter. Consult the glossary as needed.

1. Match the following industrial terms with their descriptions.

1. Congregation and segregation _______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. Briefly describe each of the following terms:

1. African American ________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Dust Bowl ______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. Federal government ______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. Long lot ________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. Native American _________________________________________________________________

_____ 1. Canada and the United States have the widest range of natural environments in any two countries in the world.

_____ 2. It is argued that Canada has a better quality of life than the United States.

_____ 3. Manufacturing of automobiles remains important in the Manufacturing Belt.

_____ 4. Canada’s age-sex structure resembles the age-sex structure of the U.S.

_____ 5. Canada, with fewer people in a slightly larger area, has more environmental problems than the United States.

_____ 6. Anglo America’s geographic position is advantageous being between the main areas of growth in the world.

_____ 7. The Prairie Provinces were settled as roads were extended westward.

_____ 8. The population of the United States is unusual among the world’s rich nations because it is decreasing rapidly.

_____ 9. A major issue for Canadians in the 1980s and 1990s has been whether French speaking Quebec will continue to be part of Canada.

_____10. Canada’s population shows a strong concentration close to the border with the United States.

_____ 11. In the United States the gap between rich and poor is great, but is decreasing.

_____ 12. Even after the Europeans arrived, Native Americans played a major role in the further evolution of the landscape.

_____ 13. Canada and the United States are two of the world’s four largest countries in area.

_____ 14. Currently the United States is slowly lagging behind the rest of the world in technology, trade, and political links.

Select the most correct answer from the alternatives given.

1. The basis of economic growth in the southern half of California has been:
1. water supply
2. computer software
3. agricultural production
4. tourist spending
2. Most of Canada’s trade occurs with:
1. Mexico
2. United Kingdom
3. United States
4. Japan
3. Which region attracts most of the growing Asian investment in the United States:
1. Midwest
2. the South
3. Manufacturing Belt
4. West coast
4. Which Canadian province contains the most concentrated economic activity:
1. Quebec
2. Ontario
3. British Columbia
4. Northwest and Yukon Territories
5. Which part of the United States contains the best soils:
1. Midwest
2. Southwest
3. Northwest
4. Southeast
6. The term Anglo America is used because:
1. English is the main language
2. British colonialism was important
3. British history includes Anglo-Saxons
4. none of the above
7. The movement to central city areas of more affluent groups is often termed:
1. gentrification
2. uneven development
3. segregation
4. urban sectors
8. Which of the following was not a development in large scale manufacturing in the U.S.:
1. economies of scale
2. horizontal integration
3. gentrification trends
4. vertical integration
9. From the middle of the twentieth century, which people have become a major source of immigrants to the United States:
1. Hispanics
2. Chinese
3. Japanese
4. Russians
10. Problems of affluence in the U.S. result from the following except:
<
1. environmental impacts of the intensive use and extraction of resources
2. differences in levels of opportunity
3. contrasts between urban and rural communities
4. uneven development
11. In 1620 a group of religious emigrants from England landed in modern Massachusetts creating:
1. southern Atlantic coast
2. New England
3. New Boston
4. Middle Atlantic
12. Which region in the United States is the poorest:
1. Midwest
2. Appalachia
3. the South
4. Pacific Coast
13. Which Canadian province displays a dislike of Anglo-Canadian control:
1. Ontario
2. Quebec
3. Prairie Provinces
4. British Columbia
14. Economically, Florida is part of the:
1. South
2. Manufacturing Belt
3. Silicon Valley
4. Rust Belt

Study the Key Places listed in this chapter.

2. Using the numbers on the U.S. map, match the following cities and their locations.

___________ Atlanta ___________ Phoenix

___________ Boston ___________ Pittsburgh

___________ Denver ___________ St. Louis

___________ Detroit ___________ San Diego

___________ Houston ___________ San Francisco

___________ Miami ___________ Seattle

___________ New York ___________ Tampa

___________ Philadelphia ___________ Washington, D.C.

3. Using the letters on the U.S. map, match the following Key Places and their locations.

___________ Appalachian Mountains ___________ Mount Saint Helens

___________ Colorado River ___________ Ohio River

___________ Columbia Plateau ___________ Rocky Mountains

___________ Mount McKinley ___________ San Andreas Fault

4. Using the letters on the Canada map, match the following Key Places and their locations.

___________ Atlantic Provinces ___________ Ontario

___________ British Columbia ___________ Prairie Provinces

___________ Mackenzie River ___________ Quebec

___________ Montreal ___________ Vancouver

___________ Northwest Territories ___________ Yukon Territory

Visit several of the websites from this chapter to answer the following questions.

1. http://www.theglobeandmail.com

What are the leading stories? Are there any articles dealing with labor issues? with financial issues?

2. http://www.latimes.com

Examine the sections dealing with the arts and music. What are the major attractions coming to southern California in the coming weeks?

3. http://www.nytimes.com

Describe any stories related to overcrowding, population control, or other population issues.

4. http://www.washingtonpost.com

Compare this newspaper site of the capital of the United States to the site for the Moscow Times from Chapter 8.

5. http://www.ca.gov/s/

What are the problems that people in California are facing concerning their water supply? What steps are being taken to improve the situation?

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