Chapter 18 Preliminary Quiz
Protecting the Environment

Multiple Choice Questions:

Enter your answer to each of the questions in the blank to the left of the question. Be sure to use lowercase letters only!

	1. Malthus predicted that: a. individuals on earth would get taller and taller until there are no more food resources available for all the animals on the planet. b. the human population of the earth would double every generation and would become too large for the available food sources. c. both a and b. d. neither a nor b.
	2. As income per capita increases, we would expect that pollution per capita will: a. increase. b. decrease. c. increase to a maximum and then decrease. d. decrease to a minimum and then increase.
	3. Over the last 100 years, a. population has outgrown food sources in most part of the world. b. pollution per GDP has increased. c. pollution per GDP has decreased. d. none of the above.
	4. A commodity is called _______ when firms or consumers can capture its full economic value, but a resource is called ______ when the resource's costs and benefits do not accrue to the resource's owner. a. appropriable; inappropriable b. inappropriable; appropriable c. appropriable; inefficient d. efficient; inappropriable
	5. A resource whose services are essentially fixed in supply or which does not regenerate quickly is called _______. a. renewable b. resourceful c. efficient d. nonrenewable
	6. Which of the following is a renewable resource? a. oil b. natural gas c. pine forests d. all of the above are nonrenewable
	7. An essential resource is: a. a resource that is nonrenewable. b. a resource that is renewable. c. a resource for which there are no substitutes. d. none of the above.
	8. _______ are ones whose benefits are spread amongst the entire community no matter whether individuals are willing to purchase them. a. Private goods b. Essential resources c. Public goods d. Welfare goods
	9. Private goods are: a. goods that are nonrenewable. b. goods for which there is an unlimited supply. c. goods that can be divided and provided separately to different individuals, with no external benefits or costs to others. d. all of the above.
	10. Efficiency requires: a. that the marginal cost of abatement equal the average cost of abatement. b. that the marginal social benefits from pollution abatement equal the marginal social costs of abatement. c. both a and b. d. neither a nor b.
	11. Which of the following involves asking people how much they would be willing to pay in a hypothetical situation? a. advocate valuation b. hypothetical valuation c. contingent valuation d. none of the above
	12. Which of the following require that firms pay a tax on their pollution equal to the amount of external damage it causes? a. social regulations b. command-and-control regulations c. abatement quotas d. emissions fees