Cengel: Table of Contents: Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer: A Practical Approach

Table of Contents

Preface	xxv
Nomenclature	xxxi

PART 1: FUNDAMENTALS

BASIC CONCEPTS OF THERMODYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER

1-1	Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer	4
1-2	Engineering Heat Transfer	6
1-3	Heat and Other Forms of Energy	9
1-4	The First Law of Thermodynamics	14
1-5	Heat Transfer Mechanisms	20
1-6	Simultaneous Heat Transfer Mechanisms	33
1-7	Summary	38
	References and Suggested Reading	40
	Problems	41

2	HEAT CONDUCTION EQUATION	57

2-1	Introduction	58
2-2	A Brief Review of Differential Equations	64
2-3	One-Dimensional Heat Conduction Equation	68
2-4	General Heat Conduction Equation	75
2-5	Boundary and Initial Conditions	78
2-6	Solution of Steady One-Dimensional Heat Conduction Problems	87
2-7	Heat Generation in a Solid	98
2-8	Variable Thermal Conductivity, k(T)	105
2-9	Summary	108
	References and Suggest Reading	110
	Problems	111

3	STEADY HEAT CONDUCTION	129

3-1	Steady Heat Conduction in Plane Walls	130
3-2	Thermal Contact Resistance	140
3-3	Generalized Thermal Resistance Networks	145
3-4	Heat Conduction in Cylinders and Spheres	148
3-5	Critical Radius of Insulation	155
3-6	Thermal Insulation	158
3-7	Heat Transfer from Finned Surfaces	177
3-8	Heat Transfer in Common Configurations	192
3-9	Summary	198
	References and Suggested Reading	200
	Problems	202

4	TRANSIENT HEAT CONDUCTION	225

4-1	Lumped System Analysis	226
4-2	Transient Heat Conduction in Large Plane Walls, Long
	Cylinders, and Spheres	232
4-3	Transient Heat Conduction in Semi-Infinite Solids	244
4-4	Transient Heat Conduction in Multidimensional Systems	248
4-5	Summary	255
	References and Suggested Reading	257
	Problems	258

5	NUMERICAL METHODS IN HEAT CONDUCTION	273

5-1	Why Numerical Methods?	274
5-2	Finite Difference Formulation of Differential Equations	277
5-3	One-Dimensional Steady Heat Conduction	280
5-4	Solution Methods for Systems of Algebraic Equations	290
5-5	Two-Dimensional Steady Heat Conduction	294
5-6	Transient Heat Conduction	303
5-7	Controlling the Numerical Error	321
5-8	Summary	324
	References and Suggested Reading	327
	Problems	328

6	FORCED CONVECTION	349

6-1	Physical Mechanism of Forced Convection	350
6-2	Velocity Boundary Layer	352
6-3	Thermal Boundary Layer	356
6-4	Flow over Flat Plates	357
6-5	Flow across Cylinders and Spheres	363
6-6	Flow in Tubes	370
6-7	Summary	389
	References and Suggest Reading	393
	Problems	394

7	NATURAL CONVECTION	411

7-1	Physical Mechanism of Natural Convection	412
7-2	Natural Convection over Surfaces	416
7-3	Natural Convection inside Enclosures	421
7-4	Natural Convection from Finned Surfaces	428
7-5	Combined Natural and Forced Convection	431
7-6	Summary	433
	References	435
	Problems	436

8	BOILING AND CONDENSATION	451

8-1	Boiling Heat Transfer	452
8-2	Pool Boiling	454
8-3	Flow Boiling	467
8-4	Condensation Heat Transfer	468
8-5	Film Condensation	469
8-6	Film Condensation inside Horizontal Tubes	481
8-7	Dropwise Condensation	482
8-8	Summary	483
	References and Suggested Reading	485
	Problems	487

9	RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER	495

9-1	Introduction	496
9-2	Thermal Radiation	497
9-3	Black-body Radiation	499
9-4	Radiation Properties	506
9-5	Atmospheric and Solar Radiation	514
9-6	The View Factor	519
9-7	Radiation Heat Transfer: Black Surfaces	532
9-8	Radiation Heat Transfer: Diffuse, Gray Surfaces	534
9-9	Radiation Shields and the Radiation Effect	547
9-10	Summary	551
	References and Suggested Reading	554
	Problems	555

10	HEAT EXCHANGERS	569

10-1	Types of Heat Exchangers	570
10-2	The Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient	574
10-3	Analysis of Heat Exchangers	581
10-4	The Log Mean Temperature Difference Method	583
10-5	The Effectiveness-NTU Method	592
10-6	The Selection of Heat Exchangers	603
10-7	Summary	607
	References and Suggested Reading	609
	Problems	610

11	MASS TRANSFER	623

11-1	Introduction	624
11-2	Analogy between Heat and Mass Transfer	625
11-3	Mass Diffusion	628
11-4	Boundary Conditions	634
11-5	Steady Mass Diffusion through a Wall	639
11-6	Water Vapor Migration in Buildings	643
11-7	Transient Mass Diffusion	647
11-8	Diffusion in a Moving Medium	650
11-9	Mass Convection	660
11-10	Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer	670
11-11	Summary	676
	References and Suggested Reading	679

	Problems	681

PART II: APPLICATIONS	697

12	HEATING AND COOLING OF BUILDINGS	699

12-1	A Brief History	700
12-2	Human Body and Thermal Comfort	701
12-3	Heat Transfer from the Human Body	706
12-4	Design Conditions for Heating and Cooling	711
12-5	Heat Gain from People, Lights, and Appliances	720
12-6	Heat Transfer through Walls and Roofs	726
12-7	Heat Loss from Basement Walls and Floors	736
12-8	Heat Transfer through Windows	742
12-9	Solar Heat Gain through Windows	752
12-10	Infiltration Heat Load and Weatherizing	759
12-11	Annual Energy Consumption	765
12-12	Summary	770
	References and Suggested Reading	774
	Problems	774

13	REFRIGERATION AND FREEZING OF FOODS	795

13-1	Control of Microorganisms in Foods	796
13-2	Refrigeration and Freezing of Foods	798
13-3	Thermal Properties of Foods	804
13-4	Refrigeration of Fruits, Vegetables, and Cut Flowers	808
13-5	Refrigeration of Meats, Poultry, and Fish	815
13-6	Refrigeration of Eggs, Milk, and Bakery Products	825
13-7	Refrigeration Load of Cold Storage Rooms	830
13-8	Transportation of Refrigerated Foods	837
13-9	Summary	842
	References and Suggested Reading	845
	Problems	846

14	COOLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT	862

14-1	Introduction and History	864
14-2	Manufacturing of Electronic Equipment	865
14-3	Cooling Load of Electronic Equipment	870
14-4	Thermal Environment	873
14-5	Electronics Cooling in Different Applications	874
14-6	Conduction Cooling	876
14-7	Air Cooling: Natural Convection and Radiation	892
14-8	Air Cooling: Forced Convection	899
14-9	Liquid Cooling	913
14-10	Immersion Cooling	917
14-11	Heat Pipes	921
14-12	Summary	926

	References and Suggested Reading	928
	Problems	929

APPENDIX 1: Property Tables and Charts (SI Units)	945

APPENDIX 2: Property Tables and Charts (English Units)	971

APPENDIX 3: Introduction to EES	991

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