Instructions:

The Great Chicago flood, which occurred in April of 1992, is illustrated in this interactive application. You can simulate the rupture and plugging of the tunnel by changing the values for D (average depth of the tunnel below the surface of the river), A (the cross-sectional area of the tunnel), and W (weight of water, which is 62 lbs./ft³.). Change the values for D and A to find the force on the plug.

Next, you can change the diameter of the shaft that was drilled down to the tunnel. The shear strength of the tunnel needs to be sufficient to withstand the force of the water. Change the diameter of the shaft to see the force on it. Also, go to your textbook and do problem 85 on page 72.

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