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Section 11.3.7.3

Past Participle

To form the past participle of a verb, add the ending-ed to the base form. (But note that manycommon verbs have irregular past participle forms.)The past participle is used in the following circumstances:

  • After the auxiliary have in the perfect tense

    • Has the gas chromatograph been fixedyet?

  • After a form of the auxiliary be in the passive voice

    • The gas chromatograph was fixed on Monday.

  • After the verbs have and get with a causative meaning

    • We had the gas chromatograph fixedlast week.

  • As a passive participial adjective

    • The recently fixed gas chromatograph isbroken again.

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