Here is a list of important functional groups arranged in decreasing priority order. All the structures can be manipulated using CHIME.
|
Functional |
Formula |
Suffix |
Prefix |
Structure |
Name |
| Cations | -ammonium -phosphoium -sulphonium |
ammonio- phosphonio- sulphonio- |
Trimethylammonium | ||
| Carboxylic Acids | -oic acid | carboxy- | Propanoic acid | ||
| Acid Anhydrides | -oic anhydride |
----- |
Ethanoic anhydride | ||
| Esters | alkyl -oate | alkoxycarbonyl- carbalkoxy- |
Methyl ethanoate | ||
| Acyl Halides | -oyl halide | haloalkanoyl- | Propanoyl chloride | ||
| Amides | -amide | carbamoyl- | Ethanamide | ||
| Nitriles | -nitrile -onitrile |
cyano- | Propionitrile | ||
| Aldehydes | -al | alkanoyl- | Propanal | ||
| Ketones | -one | -oxo- | Propanone | ||
| Alcohols | -ol | hydroxy- | Propanol | ||
| Thiols | -thiol | mercapto- | Propanethiol | ||
| Amines | -amine | amino- aza- |
Propylamine | ||
| Ethers | - ether | -oxa- alkoxy- |
Dimethyl ether | ||
| Sulphides | - sulphide | -alkylthio thia |
Dimethyl sulphide | ||
| Alkenes | -ene | alkenyl- | Propene | ||
| Alkynes | -yne | alkynyl- | Propyne | ||
| Halides | -halide | halo- | Bromopropane
Propyl bromide |
||
| Nitro |
----- |
nitro- | Nitropropane | ||
| Alkanes | -ane | alkyl | Propane |