Family

The elements in a vertical column of the periodic table.

Faraday

Charge contained in 1 mole of electrons, equivalent to 96,485.3 coulombs.

Ferromagnetic

Attracted by a magnet. The unpaired spins in a ferromagnetic substance are aligned in a common direction.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.

First-Order Reaction

A reaction whose rate depends on reactant concentration raised to the first power.

Force

The product of mass and acceleration.

Formal Charge

The difference between the valence electrons in an isolated atom and the number of electrons assigned to that atom in a Lewis structure.

Formation Constant

The equilibrium constant for the complex ion formation.

Fractional Crystallization

The separation of a mixture of substances into pure components on the basis of their differing solubilities.

Fractional Distillation

A procedure for separating liquid components of a solution that is based on their different boiling points.

Free Energy

The energy available to do useful work.

Freezing Point

The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance coexist at equilibrium.

Frequency

The number of waves that pass through a particular point per unit time.

Fuel Cell

An electrochemical cell that requires a continuous supply of reactants to keep functioning.

Functional Group

That part of a molecule characterized by a special arrangement of atoms that is largely responsible for the chemical behavior of the parent molecule.