Gamma Rays

(g) - High-energy radiation.

Gas Constant

(R) - The constant that appears in the ideal gas equation. It is usually expressed as 0.08206 L ? atm/K ? mol, or 8.314 J/K ? mol.

Geometric Isomers

Compounds with the same type and number of atoms and the same chemical bonds but different spatial arrangements; such isomers cannot be interconverted without breaking a chemical bond.

Gibbs Free Energy

The energy available to do useful work.

Glass

The optically transparent fusion product of inorganic materials that has cooled to a rigid state without crystallizing.

Gravimetric Analysis

An experimental procedure that involves the measurement of mass.

Greenhouse Effect

Carbon dioxide and other gases’ influence on Earth’s temperature.

Ground State

The lowest energy state of a system.

Group

The elements in a vertical column of the periodic table.